John Miltons Paradise Lost Essay - 3087 Words

John Miltons Paradise Lost John Milton’s Paradise Lost is filled with fantastical tales from the depths of Hell, extravagant descriptions of the fallen angels, and a curious recitation of the council of demons in their new palace. How did Milton dream up such vivid depictions of such horrible demons as the ones we see in Book I? Most of his fallen angels originate in the form of Pagan gods condemned by the Bible, with actual historical backgrounds which Milton cites in his lengthy descriptions. Firstly, a few words about Satan would seem prudent, as he is the first of the fallen angels, the leader in the revolt, and the first to venture to earth to corrupt mankind. He is Milton’s main character, and the only one to extend†¦show more content†¦The Old Testament leaves hints as to Satan’s character, while the New Testament states outright how Satan came to be. It began with his dissent from God’s will And war broke out in heaven: Michael and his angels fought with the dragon; and the dragon and his angels fought, but they did not prevail, nor was a place found for them in heaven any longer. So the great dragon was cast out, that serpent of old, called the Devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world; he was cast to the earth, and his angels were cast out with him (Revelation 12:7-9) Milton’s knowledge of the Bible is proved beyond the context of the battle in heaven with the creation of the other angels, all of whom have origins â€Å"adorned with gay religions full of pomp and gold, and devils to adore for deities: Then were they known to men by various names, and various idols through the heathen world† (Paradise Lost Other Poems 103). Moloch, the â€Å"horrid King besmeard with blood of human sacrifice and parents tears† (103) is the first to ascend from the lake after Beelzebub and Satan. He was a god whose altars were filled with â€Å"the noyse of drums and timbrels loud† so that parents’ â€Å"childrens cries [went] unheard that past through fire to his grim idol† (103). â€Å"Him the Ammonite worshipt in Rabba and her watryShow MoreRelatedJohn Miltons Paradise Lost2516 Words   |  11 PagesJohn Milton’s famous poem Paradise Lost has influenced society throughout the ages on a number of topics ranging from the fall of Satan to the marriage roles that Adam and Eve teach us. One idea stands alone though more so than that of any other topic that Milton writes about and that is the idea of a Satanic Trinity. The Satanic Trinity shows how the evil of Hell spread to Earth and how it tempts us in our everyday life. Milton writes about the Satanic Trinity because he believes th at one must understandRead MoreJohn Miltons Theodicy in Paradise Lost595 Words   |  2 PagesParadise Lost is an epic of John Milton, a seventeenth century English author, known for being the greatest reader in English history. The poem goes back to the beginning of time and tells of the rebellion of Satan and his followers, the war in that took place in heaven, and the defeat of Satan. The story also tells of the creation of the world, the life of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, and their loss of everything when they give into the temptations of Satan in the form of a reptile. It endsRead MoreTheodicy in John Miltons Paradise Lost792 Words   |  3 PagesJohn Miltons theodicy in Paradise Lost is an attempt to justify the ways of God to men. Many ask how God could let someone as innocent as a child die in a horrible way. How could a God that is all loving and all powerful let something like that happen? He answers this using the fall of Mankind as the trigger point. Cordelia Zukerman and Thomas H. Luxon, The dominance of these themes comes from the fact that Milton is writing about the first humans on earth, humans who have no history and no wayRead More John Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1848 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Miltons Paradise Lost Freedom (free will) is the absence of imposed behavior. Individual freedom is obviously attractive, but when there is real freedom of choice, the wrong choice is the one that is made - such as the choice made by Satan who although he can be admired for his having dared to rebel against the norm, is not heroic for having chosen to plot against God. Free will was given to man in order to be able to choose the faith since in the absence of free will, there isRead MoreHumanism in John Miltons Paradise Lost2072 Words   |  9 Pageshumanism. Moreover, the authors who wrote already during the 17th century and represented the Neoclassicism proceeded with the ideas of humanism. John Milton, who grew out of the Renaissance and classical tradition, was one of such authors. He was the greatest Puritan poet and the first English revolutionary poet in the 17th century. Milton’s ‘Paradise Lost’, written during the last stage of his life and being one of the poet’s greatest creations, covers the ideas of humanism most deeply and widelyRead MoreJohn Miltons Paradise Lost863 Words   |  4 PagesParadise Lost is a story of Genesis told as it normally would be, but with a protagonist focus on Satan. The story is told largely with Satan being favorably portrayed and God having little presence other than cursing things, which convinces the audience that Satan’ s view of God as a tyrant may not be too far off. Still, Satan is portrayed as the villain of the story. However, he has characteristics of a classical hero; including flaws that make the audience relate to and feel sympathy for him. ByRead MoreThe Progression Of Satan In John Miltons Paradise Lost1319 Words   |  6 Pages The Progression of Satan Paradise Lost is an epic poem written by John Milton other uses this epic poem to depict the integral scenes, or rather, experiences that lead up to the fall of mankind in the Garden of Eden. In the Bible, as well as all prominent, and popular religious works; there is a clear distinction as to who the reader should be cheering for throughout their readings. However, John Miltons Paradise Lost has turned this concept on its head. Rather than placing the focus ontoRead More Narcissism in John Milton’s Paradise Lost Essay794 Words   |  4 PagesNarcissism in John Milton’s Paradise Lost When Eve eats the forbidden fruit of the Tree of Knowledge, her decision to tell Adam of her disobedience turns on two suppositions. If her transgression is kept secret from God, Eves augmented knowledge might increase Adams love for her, and perhaps cause her to be more equal or even superior to Adam. Even though Eve was created comparable to Adam as his helper, she refers to Adam as her Author and Disposer. Furthermore, she says that while GodRead MoreEssay on Satan in John Miltons Paradise Lost2512 Words   |  11 Pagesof God, a personification of evil, the fallen angel, a spirit created by God, and also the accuser. People see Satan differently, some know of his existence, others think of him as just a myth, and there are those that just ignore him. John Miltons Paradise Lost tells of Satans banishment from Heaven and his gain of earth. He and his brigade have plotted war against God and are now doomed to billow in the fiery pits of hell. Satan is a complex character with ma ny different qualities. God is aRead MoreHell In John Miltons Paradise Lost : Hell1034 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Milton’s Paradise Lost: Hell Term Paper Hell has a very long history; it comes up even before Christianity where the idea of hell has been mentioned across many different cultures. Over the period of many centuries, the concept of hell has changed and developed. To further understand John Milton’s description of hell in his poem â€Å"Paradise Lost† it would be a good idea to look at what the standard notion of hell in Europe before or during the 17th century. When looking back at the middle ages

Blast Furnace Free Essays

The Usage of Blast Furnace What is a Blast Furnace? A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally iron. In a blast furnace, fuel, ore, and flux (limestone) are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while air (sometimes with oxygen enrichment) is blown into the lower section of the furnace, so that the chemical reactions take place throughout the furnace as the material moves downward. In the blast furnace, it is so hot that carbon monoxide can be used to reduce the iron oxide in place of carbon: iron oxide + carbon monoxide iron + carbon dioxide Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2 What is it used for/ Why is it used? A blast furnace is used to extract iron by literally melting it out of iron ore. We will write a custom essay sample on Blast Furnace or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hot enough to liquefy iron, a blast furnace combines iron ore with other materials such as charcoal, coal and limestone. Then waves of extremely hot air are blasted into the furnace. This heat causes calcium in the limestone to combine with silicates from the other materials, creating slag. As these materials combine, liquid iron collects at the bottom of the furnace underneath the slag. Once enough liquid iron collects, it is let out of the blast furnace and mixed with sand. As it cools and hardens, the result is an intermediate material known as pig iron, which can be transformed into a number of useful forms of iron. Who invented the first Blast Furnace? The process of refining molten iron with blasts of air was accomplished by the British inventor Sir Henry Bessemer who developed the Bessemer furnace, in 1855. He was a prolific inventor, but is best known for his process for the manufacture of steel. Modern steel-making employs blast furnaces that are merely refinements of the furnaces used by the old ironworkers. Function:| noun / furnace named after its Inventor| Definition:| Modern steel-making employs blast furnaces that are merely refinements of the furnaces used by the old ironworkers. This process of refining molten iron with blasts of air was accomplished by the Bessemer furnace, or converter. | The Red bits are extra info, if needed!? How to cite Blast Furnace, Essay examples

National Safety & Quality Health Service-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Choose two out of the ten Quality Standards and discuss how you would apply these Healthcare Standards in the home Compared to the Hospital Environment for this Client. Answer: Introduction: National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards were developed by the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Main aim of these health standards is to protect people from harm and to improve provision of healthcare services. In this case Mrs. Brown underwent Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in which gall bladder needs to be removed using laparoscopic technique. As Mrs. Brown has history of diabetes, there may be possibility of slow recovery of incision made during the surgery. Hence, she needs IV antibiotics for the prevention of infection. Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections and Preventing and Managing Pressure Injuries are the two standards needs to be considered while providing treatment to Mrs. Brown at home as compared to the hospital (Koutoukidis et al., 2016; Garg et al., 2012). Discussion: Preventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infections is very important health standard applicable in case of Mrs. Brown. There may be multiple reasons responsible for the occurrence of infections in Mrs. Brown. Home environment would not be sterile like hospital, incision was made to Mrs. Brown during surgery and her diabetic condition would not allow healing of her incision and her continuous I.V. administration. Nurse should take every precaution to minimize occurrence of infection in Mrs. Brown. In home, nurse should take more precautions to control infection as compared to hospital. Nurse should make sure that room allocated for Mrs. Brown should be thoroughly disinfected, very few people should be allowed in the room, people entering in the room should use necessary PPEs, all the requirements used for Mrs. Brown should be thoroughly disinfected and person touching I.V. set should wash their hands thoroughly and use alcohol swab. In the hospital same person should be appoi nted to clean the room, Mrs. Brown room should be isolated from the other room, requirements for the I.V. administration and other treatment should not be shifted from the other room. It should be noted that infection control at home may be impractical and expensive as compared to the hospital infection control. Also infection surveillance, prevention, and control efforts are difficult at home as compared to the hospital (Koutoukidis et al., 2016; King and Hawley, 2016; Korniewicz, 2014). Occurrence of pressure injury also may occur in Mrs. Brown as she is suffering through OA and toe amputation. This pressure injury may occur mainly due to immobility. These pressure injuries may occur on the skin covering bone. In hospital setting, there may be proper and prompt reporting of the pressure injuries. However, accurate reporting of pressure injuries at the home is not possible. In hospital setting, severity of the pressure injuries can be assessed by clinicians and prevention and management measures can be taken effectively. However, at home it would be difficult for the clinician to visit on regular basis for the assessment of severity of pressure injuries. In hospital setting pressure injuries can be effectively managed by the trained healthcare professionals, however in the home setting management of pressure injuries with the help of trained staff is not possible. Access to equipments and instruments for the prevention and management of the pressure injuries is feasi ble in hospital setting however in home these equipments and instruments may not be available. Patients with risk of pressure injuries should be inspected within 8 hours and it should be followed with regular inspection. In hospital this regular inspection is possible; however it is not possible at home. For regular assessment and evaluation of the pressure injuries proper documentation should be done. This documentation can be more efficiently implemented in the hospital setting as compared to the home (Koutoukidis et al., 2016; King and Hawley, 2016; Brown et al., 2017). Conclusion: Management of the patients with certain conditions can be efficiently implemented in the home, however cases like Mrs. Brown should not be referred for home care. In case of Mrs. Brown home care is not advisable because her health condition may lead to the occurrence of infection and pressure injuries in her. In the evaluation of application of NSQHS for Mrs. Brown in home care it is observed that her condition would be treated more effectively in hospital care as compared to the home care. Manpower and accessories requirements for the control of infections and prevention of pressure injuries would not be possible in home care in case of Mrs. Brown. References: Brown, D., Edwards, H., Seaton, L., Buckley, T. (2017). Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. Elsevier Health Sciences Garg, P., Thakur, J.D., Garg, M., and Menon, G.R. (2012). Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy vs. conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, 16(8), 161828. King, J., and Hawley, R. (2016). Australian Nurses' Dictionary. Elsevier Health Sciences. Korniewicz, D. M. (2014). Infection Control for Advanced Practice Professionals (1st ed.). Lancaster PA: DEStech Publications, Inc. p. 264. Koutoukidis, G., Stainton, K., and Hughson, J. (2016). Tabbner's Nursing Care: Theory and Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.

The JFK Conspiracy Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The JFK Conspiracy Essay, Research Paper The JFK Conspiracy On November 22, 1963 President John F. Kennedy arrived in Dallas to a crowd of aroused people run alonging the streets trusting to acquire a glance of the President. As his motorcade proceeded down Elm Street, Governor Connally # 8217 ; s married woman said, # 8220 ; You can # 8217 ; Ts say that Dallas isn # 8217 ; t friendly to you today Mr. President. # 8221 ; Upon that, John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States was assassinated. The United States mourned the decease of its immature and inspiring President. It has been 37 old ages since the blackwash of John F. Kennedy and many people are still unsure as to who is really responsible for his blackwash. Through the old ages at that place have been legion theories that the CIA and the FBI were someway linked to the blackwash. Though many would doubt that the president? s ain authorities would cabal to slay him ; there are several possible grounds for their possible engagement in an blackwash secret plan. We will write a custom essay sample on The JFK Conspiracy Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Bay of Pigs was the flicker that ignited the annihilating fire. 1500 CIA trained anti-Castro exiles were sent to prehend Cuba. At the critical last minute President Kennedy cancelled the air work stoppages which were supposed to disenable Castro? s air force. As a consequence more than 100 of the CIA? s work forces were killed ; the staying agents surrendered. ( Morrissey ) Kennedy took full public duty for the Bay of Pigs catastrophe though in secret he blamed the CIA. Kennedy fired three of the CIA? s top work forces whom were responsible for the operation: Director Allen Dulles, who was subsequently a member of the Warren Commission ( Lifton 176 ) , General Cabell, and Richard Bissel. ( Morrissey ) After the CIA lost clip, attempt, and people in the effort to procure Cuba, the CIA became hostile and wanted to acquire rid of Kennedy to forestall him from losing more land, particularly in Vietnam.Adding to the fire were Kennedy? s secret committednesss to drawing out of Vietnam and his menace to? Smash the CIA into a 1000 pieces and disperse them in the air current? ( Belzer 79 ) There were three known efforts on taking JFK? s life in the autumn of 1963. In late October, Thomas Arthur Vallee was arrested by the secret service in Chicago yearss before a scheduled visit by Kennedy. Vallee was discovered to hold an M-1 rifle, a pistol, and three thousand unit of ammunitions of ammo. Days subsequently, the Secret Service received another menace: Kennedy would be ambushed in Chicago by a Cuban hit squad. The Chicago trip was cancelled without account. On November 18, four yearss before the blackwash in Dallas, Joseph Milteer outlined the inside informations for the upcoming Texas effort to a constabulary source. None of these menaces were forwarded to governments in Dallas. ( Belzer 10 ) The sums of activity and leery incidents in Dallas on November 22, 1963 are amazing. The grounds in the 3rd and concluding effort on President Kennedy? s life in Dealey Plaza provides a ground to believe that U.S. authorities bureaus had a function in JFK? s decease. It all begins on Main Street on which the motorcade was supposed to remain ( Garrison 117 ) . The Dallas Morning News featured a elaborate map of the planned motorcade path. The motorcade was supposed to take a comparatively strait class through Dealey Plaza without go throughing by the Book Depository. Suddenly, out of the blue the motorcade veered from the approved path. This exposed JFK to snipers positioned at the Book Depository, ? Grassy Knoll? and the Dal-Tex edifice. This besides caused drivers to decelerate down to an estimated 10 stat mis per hr. The Secret Service have had to O.K. the unexplained alterations. ( Garrison 117-119 ) There were many lensmans and people videotaping in the Dealey Plaza who captured the lay waste toing minutes in which President Kennedy was murdered. Mary Muchmore shooting a film of the concluding frontlet shooting into Kennedy? s caput ( Belzer 17 ) . Orville Nix shot a picture that features flashes from the grassy mound and an image of what people believe to be a gunslinger ( Belzer 17 ) . Robert Hughes captured motion from the 6th floor corner window of the Book Depository and the window next to it ( Belzer 17 ) . Abraham Zapruder shooting possibly the most celebrated movie of all. His movie stemmed grounds that for case, there was a inquiry? based on the timing of the fire sequence taken from his film- as to whether a lone gunslinger could hold fired so rapidly with truth. Marine sharpshooters tried- and failed ( Belzer 15 ) . Other grounds indicated that police officers on the scene turned non toward the Book Depository, but toward Zapruder? s place neat the grassy mound. Zapruder testified that he believed shootings came from behind him: on the grassy mound. None of the movies of all time made it into the Warren Commission. There was yet another movie shot by a lady referred to as the? Babushka Lady? . This movie was shot from a point where the depositary Windowss and the grassy mound could be seen clearly. The Monday following the blackwash two work forces, whom she believed to be Secret Service or FBI agents, appropriated the movie. The work forces told the? Babushka Lady? that her movie would be utile grounds, and if she turned it over it would be returned within 10 yearss. The tape was neer returned, and the work forces finally said it was? bad movie? . ( Belzer 19 ) Another leery activity that took topographic point on the tragic twenty-four hours was the presence of the cryptic? umbrella adult male? . The umbrella adult male was in the crowd on the Dealey Plaza pavement. He is really noticeable because he is the merely 1 to convey an umbrella on the peculiarly cle Ar and warm twenty-four hours. In exposure before the limousine enters the place, the adult male is shown standing casually with his umbrella closed. But, as the president? s auto comes nigher a? stage dancing? ( Belzer 22 ) begins. As JFK draws parallel to the adult male, the president is hit by the first slug. The adult male opens his umbrella pumping it in the air many times so closes it and lowers it. At that same minute his confederate thrust his right arm into the air in what many research workers believe to be a clinched carpus salutation. ( Belzer 22 ) Yet another baffling incident is the deficiency of Secret Service protection during the motorcade path and the shot. Secret Service agents really turned down an offer from the Dallas Police Department for more security. During the motorcade the service diminished their shield by cut downing bike constabulary from eight to four. Once firing began exposures and pictures show unusual deficiency of reaction from agents siting behind Kennedy. While JFK grasp his pharynx, Secret Service agents are looking about, two towards Kennedy, two towards the rear except Clint Hill, an agent brought at the last minute by the first lady. No agents move to screen the president from farther gunshot. After the first shooting was fired Kennedy? s driver really brings the auto to a arrest. ( Belzer 46 ) Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested for the slaying of President Kennedy. When he was taken into detention, Oswald pleaded that he was set up, he was a chump ( Garrison 70 ) . The grounds environing the instance of Oswald, and the grounds environing the twenty-four hours of the blackwash suggest that in fact Oswald was the perfect pasty for the CIA to model. The CIA had been puting up Oswald since every bit early as January 1961, the month of Kennedy? s startup. Research workers believe that the CIA had people impersonate Oswald in order to paint the image that Oswald was a deranged Communist bravo. Before the blackwash, Oswald was spotted at the Russian embassy in Mexico, purchasing a auto, at the rifle scope ( Belzer 67 ) , and giving out pro Castro cusps in New Orleans. ? In the intelligence community there is a term used to depict this sort of manipulated behaviour designed to make a coveted image: sheepdipping. ( Garrison 70 ) . ? It seems that Oswald had been in New Orleans to be sheepdipped under the counsel of Guy Banister and that he had been sent back to Dallas when the mission was accomplished ( Garrison 71 ) . Curiously adequate records indicate that the Oswald who enlisted in the Marines was 5? 11, ? the Oswald who went to Russia was 5? 6? while the dead Oswald measured in at 5? 9? ( Belzer 68 ) At midday, on a street in Dallas, the president of the United States is assassinated. He is barely dead when the official version is broadcast. In that version, which will be the unequivocal 1, Lee Harvey Oswald entirely has killed John Kennedy. ? The arm does non co-occur with the slug, nor the slug with the holes. The accused does non co-occur with the accusal: ( Galeano 183 ) ? Oswald is an exceptionally bad shooting, but harmonizing to the official version, his Acts of the Apostless were those of a title-holder sharpshooter and Olympic sprinter. He has fired an old rifle with impossible velocity and his charming slug, turning and writhing to perforate Kennedy and John Connally, the governor of Texas, remains strangely integral ( Stone JFK ) . Oswald denies it. But no 1 knows, no 1 will of all time cognize what he has to state. Two yearss subsequently he collapses before the telecasting cameras, the whole universe informant to the spectacle, his oral cavity shut by Jack Ruby, a two-bit mobster and minor seller in adult females and drugs. Ruby says he has avenged Kennedy out of nationalism and commiseration for the hapless widow. ( Galeano 183 ) President Lyndon Baines Johnson set up a commission led by head justness Earl Warren, to carry on an official probe into Kennedy # 8217 ; s slaying. On 24 September 1964, the Warren Commission eventually issued a study of their findings ( Gest 28 ) . They concluded that President Kennedy was murdered by a individual gunslinger, Lee Harvey Oswald. ( Lifton 12 ) The Warren Commission was made up of seven LBJ appointed members. Three of them had ties to the CIA or the military elite. The Report concluded that the shootings that killed Kennedy were fired from the 6th floor of the Texas School Book Depository edifice, and no other site. They farther concluded that there was three shootings fired in all, and all of them were fired from Lee Harvey Oswald. The Commission stated that there was no confederacy, domestic or international, and that there was no connexion between Jack Ruby and Oswald. However, through the 20 six volumes and the about 13 thousand pages of testimonies and documental exhibits hints of testimonies from Kennedy? s doctors, Dallas physicians, eyewitnesses, or civilian movies can non be found. Belzar, Richard. UFO? s, JFK, and Elvis confederacies you don? Ts have to be brainsick to believe. New York: The Ballantine Publishing Group, 1999. Galeano, Eduardo. Memory of Fire: Three Century of the Wind. Part Three of a Trilogy, translated by Cedric Belfrage: Pantheon Books, 1988. Gest, Ted, at Al. ? JFK The Untold Story of the Warren Commission. ? U.S. News A ; World Report 17 August 1992: 28-42. JFK. Dir. Oliver Stone. Warner Bros, 1991. Lifton, David S. Best Evidence. New York: Carroll A ; Graf Publishers, Inc, 1980. Peterson, Roger S. ? Declassified. ? American History July/ August 1996: 22-26, 54-57. The Bay of Pigs Revisited. Ed. Michael D. Morrissey. May. 1993. 3 May. 2000 .

Pierre Curie - Biography and Achievements

Pierre Curie - Biography and Achievements Pierre Curie was a French physicist, physical chemist, and Nobel laureate. Most people are familiar with his wifes accomplishments (Marie Curie), yet dont realize the importance of Pierres work. He pioneered scientific research in the fields of magnetism, radioactivity, piezoelectricity, and crystallography. Heres a brief biography of this famous scientist and a list of his most notable achievements. Birth: May 15, 1859 in Paris, France, son of Eugene Curie and Sophie-Claire Depouilly Curie Death: April 19, 1906 in Paris, France in a street accident. Pierre was crossing a street in the rain, slipped, and fell under a horse-drawn cart. He died instantly from a skull fracture when a wheel ran over his head. It is said Pierre tended to be absent-minded and unaware of his surroundings when he was thinking. Claim to Fame: Pierre Curie and his wife  Marie  shared half the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with Henri Becquerel for their research into radiation.Pierre also received the Davy Medal in 1903. He was awarded the Matteucci Medal in 1904 and the Elliot Cresson Medal in 1909 (posthumously).Pierre and Marie also discovered the elements  radium  and  polonium.He also co-discovered the piezoelectric effect with his brother Jacques. The piezoelectric effect is where compressed crystals give off an electric field. In addition, Pierre and Jacques found crystals could deform when subjected to an electrical field. They invented the Piezoelectric Quartz Electrometer to aid in their investigations.Pierre developed a scientific instrument called the Curie Scale so that he might take accurate data.For his doctoral research, Pierre examined magnetism. He formulated a description of the relationship between temperature and magnetism that became known as Curies law, which uses a constant known as the Curie constant. He found there was a critical temperature above which ferromagnetic materials lose their behavior. That transition temperature is known as the Curie point. Pierres magnetism research is considered among his greatest contributions to science. Pierre Curie was a brilliant physicist. He is considered one of the founders of the field of modern physics.Pierre proposed the Curie Dissymmetry Principle, which states that a physical effect cannot have dissymmetry separate from its cause.The element curium, atomic number 96, is named in honor of Pierre and Marie Curie.Pierre and his student were the first to discover nuclear energy from heat emitted by radium. He observed radioactive particles might carry a positive, negative, or neutral charge. More Facts About Pierre Curie Pierres father, a doctor, provided his early education. Pierre earned a math degree at age 16 and had completed the requirements for a higher degree by age 18. He could not immediately afford to pursue his doctorate, so he worked as a lab instructor.Pierres friend, physicist Jozef Wierusz-Kowalski, introduced him to Marie Sklodowska. Marie became Pierres lab assistant and student. The first time Pierre proposed to Marie, she refused him, eventually agreeing to marry him on July 26, 1895.Pierre and Marie were the first to use the word radioactivity. A unit used to measure radioactivity, the Curie, is named in honor of either Marie or Pierre or both of them (a point of argument among historians).Pierre was interested in the paranormal, as he believed it might help him understand physics better and especially magnetism. He read books on spiritualism and attended seances, viewing them as scientific experiments. He took careful notes and measurements, concluding some phenomena he witnesse d did not appear to be faked and could not be explained. Pierre and Maries daughter Irene and son-in-law Frederic Joliot-Curie were physicists who studied radioactivity and also received Nobel prizes. The other daughter, Eve, was the only member of the family who was not a physicist. Eve wrote a biography about her mother, Marie. Pierre and Maries granddaughter Helene is a nuclear physics professor and grandson Pierre is a biochemist. Their parents were Irene and Frederic Joliot-Curie.  Pierre Joliot is named for Pierre Curie.

A Study On Classroom Management Education Essay

Classroom direction accomplishments are an built-in portion of instructional rating of both the pupils and the instructors themselves. Actually, classroom direction schemes are a more toothsome name for schoolroom subject. This paper will discourse the indispensable constituents to do schoolroom direction effectual. Part I. BODY LANGUAGE Body linguistic communication is an of import portion of communicating, which can represent 50 % or more of what we are pass oning. If one wishes to pass on good, so it makes sense to understand how they can ( and can non ) use their organic structure to state what they mean. It comes in bunchs of signals and positions, depending on the internal emotions and mental provinces. Acknowledging a whole bunch is therefore far more dependable than seeking to construe single elements. Body linguistic communication is a term for communicating utilizing organic structure motions or gestures alternatively of, or in add-on to, sounds, verbal linguistic communication or other communicating. It forms portion of the class of paralinguistic communication, which describes all signifiers of human communicating that are non verbal linguistic communication. This includes the most elusive of motions that many people are non cognizant of, including blink and little motion of the superciliums. In add-on, organic structure linguistic communication can besides integrate the usage of facial looks. Although they are by and large non cognizant of it, many people send and receive non-verbal signals all the clip. These signals may bespeak what they are genuinely experiencing. The technique of reading people is used often. For illustration, the thought of mirroring organic structure linguistic communication to set people at easiness is normally used in interviews. It sets the individual being interviewed at easiness. Mirroring the organic structure linguistic communication of person else indicates that they are understood. Body linguistic communication signals may hold a end other than communicating. Both people would maintain this in head. Perceivers limit the weight they place on non-verbal cues. Signalers clarify their signals to bespeak the biological beginning of their actions. One of the most basic and powerful body-language signals is when a individual crosses his or her weaponries across the thorax. This can bespeak that a individual is seting up an unconscious barrier between themselves and others. It can besides bespeak that the individual ‘s weaponries are cold which would be clarified by rubbing the weaponries or huddling. When the overall state of affairs is amicable, it can intend that a individual is believing profoundly about what is being discussed. However, in a serious or confrontational state of affairs, it can intend that a individual is showing resistance. This is particularly so if the individual is tilting off from the talker. A harsh or clean facial look frequently indicates straight-out ill will. Such a individual is non an ally, and may be sing combative tactics. Consistent oculus contact can bespeak that a individual is believing positively of what the talker is stating. It can besides intend that the other individual does non swear the talker plenty to â€Å" take his or her eyes off † the talker. Lack of oculus contact can bespeak negativeness. On the other manus, persons with anxiousness upsets are frequently unable to do oculus contact without uncomfortableness. Eye contact is frequently a secondary and deceptive gesture because we are taught from an early age to do oculus contact when speech production. If a individual is looking at you but is doing the arms-across-chest signal, the oculus contact could be declarative that something is trouble oneselfing the individual, and that he or she wants to speak about it. Alternatively, if while doing direct oculus contact a individual is shirking with something, even while straight looking at you, it could bespeak the attending is elsewhere. Incredulity is frequently indicated by averted regard, or by touching the ear or rubing the mentum. So is eyestrain, or itching. When a individual is non being convinced by what person is stating, the attending constantly wanders, and the eyes will gaze away for an drawn-out period. Boredom is indicated by the caput leaning to one side, or by the eyes looking directly at the talker but going somewhat unfocused. A caput joust may besides bespeak a sore cervix, and unfocussed eyes may bespeak optic jobs in the hearer. Interest can be indicated through position or extended oculus contact. Deceit or the act of keep backing information can sometimes be indicated by touching the face during conversation. It should be noted that some people, with certain disablements, or those on the autistic spectrum, usage and understand organic structure linguistic communication otherwise, or non at all. Interpreting their gestures and facial looks, or deficiency thereof, in the context of normal organic structure linguistic communication normally leads to misinterpretations and misunderstandings, particularly if body linguistic communication is given precedence over spoken linguistic communication. It should besides be stated that people from different civilizations could construe organic structure linguistic communication in different ways. Part II. DISCUSS LEGAL ISSUES IN REGARDS TO SCHOOL DISCIPLINE School subject today would be a tougher job than of all time, even without all these alterations, because of the countrywide addition of troubled households and disorderly childs. Some schools, particularly those in interior metropoliss, have pupils who are literally violent criminals. School subject has two chief ends: ( 1 ) guarantee the safety of staff and pupils, and ( 2 ) create an environment conducive to larning. Serious pupil misconduct affecting violent or condemnable behaviour lickings these ends and frequently makes headlines in the procedure. However, the commonest subject jobs involve noncriminal pupil behaviour. These less dramatic jobs may non endanger personal safety, but they still negatively affect the acquisition environment. Disruptions interrupt lessons for all pupils, and riotous pupils lose even more learning clip. Research workers calculate that in many schools, pupils lost 7,932 instructional yearss ( 44 old ages ) in-school and out-of-school suspensions in a individual academic twelvemonth. The being of subject jobs in school may lend to an environment that facilitates school force and offense. On a day-to-day or hebdomadal happening, jobs such as pupil racial tensenesss, intimidation, sexual torment of other pupils, verbal maltreatment of instructors, widespread schoolroom upset, and Acts of the Apostless of discourtesy for instructors in public schools. The happening of unwanted pack and cult activities, and due to the terrible nature of these incidents, nowadayss all studies of pack and cult activities during the school twelvemonth. Secondary school principals across the United States revealed that most decision makers felt more strict due procedure processs should follow in subject instances than those required by federal ordinances and school policies. The principals besides tended to believe that bodily penalty should be permitted under certain fortunes and that both unequal instructor preparation refering subject and a deficiency of equal alternate plans for pupils were the major factors restricting schools ‘ abilities to keep order. However, today principals lack the tools they used to hold for covering even with the boisterous childs. Once, they could throw out such childs for good or direct them to particular schools for the hard-to-discipline. The particular schools have mostly vanished, and province instruction Torahs normally do non let for lasting ejection. So at best, a school might pull off to reassign a pupil criminal elsewhere in the same territory. Educators today besides find their custodies tied when covering with another disruptive and much larger group of pupils, those covered by the 1975 Persons with Disabilities Education Act ( IDEA ) . This jurisprudence, which mandates that schools provide a â€Å" free and appropriate instruction † for kids irrespective of disablement and supply it, furthermore, within regular schoolrooms whenever humanly possible efficaciously strips pedagogues of the authorization to reassign or to suspend for long periods any pupil classified as necessitating particular instruction. This would non count if particular instruction included chiefly the wheelchair-bound or deaf pupils whom we normally think of every bit handicapped. However, it does non. Over the past several decennaries, the figure of kids classified under the mistily defined disablement classs of â€Å" learning disablement † and â€Å" emotional perturbation † has exploded. Many of these childs are those one time merely called â€Å" unwieldy † or â€Å" antisocial † : portion of the legal definition of emotional perturbation is â€Å" an inability to construct or keep satisfactory interpersonal relationships with equals and instructors, â€Å" in other words, to be portion of an orderly community. Prosecutors indicates that disproportional Numberss of the juvenile felons they now see are particular instruction pupils. With IDEA limitations haltering them, school functionaries can non react forcefully when these childs get into battles, expletive instructors, or even put pupils and staff at serious hazard, as excessively frequently happens. One illustration captures the jurisprudence ‘s absurdness. School functionaries in Connecticut caught one pupil go throughing a gun to another on school premises. One, a regular pupil, received a yearlong suspension, as federal jurisprudence requires. The other, handicapped ( he stuttered ) , received merely a 45-day suspension and particular, individualised services, as IDEA requires. Most times, though, schools can non acquire even a 45-day reprieve from the pandemonium these childs can unleash. It is of import to maintain the ultimate end in head while working to better school subject. As instruction research worker ‘s points out, â€Å" the end of good behaviour is necessary, but non sufficient to guarantee academic growing. † Effective school subject schemes seek to promote responsible behaviour and to supply all pupils with a hearty school experience every bit good as to deter misconduct. Part III. CONVENANT AND CONDUCT MANAGEMENT Conduct direction is centered on one ‘s beliefs about the nature of people. By incorporating cognition about human diverseness ( and individualism, at the same clip ) into a peculiar instructional doctrine, instructors could pull off their schoolrooms in a better, more effectual manner. Research workers have pointed out the importance of helping pupils in positive behaviours. In be aftering schoolroom direction, instructors should see utilizing an self-asserting communicating manner and behaviour. In add-on, they should ever cognize what they want their pupils to make and affect them in the several acquisition activities, under the general conditions of clearly and explicitly stated school broad and schoolroom regulations. Harmonizing to Iverson and Froyen, behavior direction is indispensable to the creative activity of a foundation for â€Å" an orderly, task-oriented attack to learning and larning † , therefore taking to allowing pupil ‘s greater independency and liberty through socialisation. An effectual behavior direction program should besides mention to teacher control and disposal of effects. The undermentioned constituents of such a program are focused on in this sum-up: acknowledging responsible behaviours, rectifying irresponsible and inappropriate behaviour, disregarding, propinquity control, soft verbal rebukes, detaining, discriminatory seating, clip owed, time-out, presentment of parents/guardians, written behavioural contract, puting bounds outside the schoolroom, and reinforcement systems. All of these constituents are presented so they can be identified in illustrations of best instruction patterns. Covenant direction stresses the schoolroom group as a societal system. Teacher and pupil functions and outlooks shape the schoolroom into an environment conducive to larning. In other words, the civilization of any given school is alone to that school. However, it is straight influenced by the civilization of the larger community whose educational ends are to be met. A strong connexion between school and community must be invariably revised and modified harmonizing to the demands of social dynamism. As schools become really diverse, instructors and pupils should go cognizant of how to utilize diverseness to beef up the school/classroom societal group. Quality schools are defined by instructor effectivity and pupil accomplishment under the protections of edifice strong interpersonal accomplishments. In this visible radiation, instructor and pupil relationships are indispensable to guaranting a positive school and schoolroom atmosphere. Classroom direction subject jobs can be dealt with either on an single footing ( between instructor and pupil ) or by group job work outing ( category meetings ) . As common trust builds up between instructor and pupils, the latter are bit by bit released from teacher supervising by going separately responsible. This is how both â€Å" pedagogues and pupils become co-participants in the teaching-learning procedure, endeavoring to do the most of themselves and their corporate experience. † Part IV. CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT Plan Classroom direction and schoolroom organisation are intertwined. High school pupils possess sophisticated societal accomplishments and by and large experience that instructors need to gain their regard before they are to the full willing to collaborate. In order to acquire loath pupils on their side, instructors need to show a clear schoolroom direction program that creates a positive acquisition environment and exhibits consistence, lucidity, equity, foresight, and the sharing of a schoolroom direction program. Consistency is instructors tell pupils what to anticipate and so present. This applies to all facets of the high school schoolroom runing from placing trial yearss to presenting direction. Get downing every English category, for illustration, by presenting a inquiry for treatment or written response, helps set up a everyday that pupils can anticipate. Clarity is being clearly explicated their acquisition aims for the class every bit good their outlooks for pupil behaviour. Discuss these subjects with pupils during the first hebdomad of category and supply specific illustrations of what pupils are expected to carry through and how they are expected to act. Practicing schoolroom regulations is non entirely reserved for simple school. By exemplifying through role-play with pupils what is considered appropriate and inappropriate behaviour, instructors leave no room for pupil reading on these of import points. Fairness relates to handling pupils every bit, administrating both congratulations and effects based on behaviour non on the pupil. It besides applies to demoing regard for your pupils by puting realistic outlooks and offering counsel and support to assist pupils achieve those ends. A foresight map out categories in progress with pupils. Spend the first few yearss of category discoursing an overview of what you hope to carry through every bit far as content, accomplishment development, and pupil behaviour and category format. If a pupil does non stay by category outlooks, they know in progress what repercussions they will confront. The sharing of schoolroom direction program is to incarnate these features and high school instructors need to get the hang schoolroom organisation. By showing a elaborate schoolroom direction program in authorship, instructors set the tone for an organized high school schoolroom. A schoolroom direction program includes class aims, category outlooks, assignment calendar, and pupil information. Course Objectives identifies the general subjects your class will cover every bit good as accomplishments your pupils will develop over the class of a semester or school twelvemonth. Class Expectations, or category regulations, include coming to category prepared, turning in assignments on clip and behaving in a manner that Fosters student larning. Be specific in outlooks and be clear about the reverberations pupils will confront if they do non adhere to these regulations. Assignment Calendars should place subjects covered for one one-fourth. Important yearss such as debuts to new units, trials , assignment due day of the months and exam reappraisals should be clearly marked. School vacations and instructor working daies should be outlined every bit good. Student Information should be completed by pupils during the first hebdomad of school. In the event that you want to update parents on a major achievement or severe trouble their kid has encountered in your category, you will hold the necessary contact information available to hasten parent communicating. Part V. RESEARCH ARTICLE In a article written by Sherry H. Brown, School Discipline: What Works and What Does n’t, it does n’t take a batch of research to state us that school subject is different today than it was in the 1950s. This article discussed assorted surveies that showed pupils who misbehave in school express a assortment of grounds for making so: Some think that instructors do non care about them. Others do non desire to be in school at all. They do non see success in school of import anymore. Students are incognizant that bad behaviour will ensue in penalty they will non wish. Discipline hatchet mans have to travel through long processs of due procedure: hearings, specific charges, informants, and entreaties. I read this article to my category, despite these hurdlings ; pupils of Inkster High School agreed that subject is needed in schools. One pupil stated, â€Å" If there were no subject, the school would non be distinguished from the street. † This article pointed out countries that cause disciplinary jobs in school. †¢ Denial: In many schools, their pupils intimidate instructors. Out of fright of revenge, they fail to describe jobs or disregard them trusting that the pupils responsible will discontinue the bad behaviour by themselves. †¢ Troubled Students: State and Federal Torahs require that some particular needs pupils receive particular attending. Many grownups and school systems believe that â€Å" troubled pupils † are non responsible for their actions, therefore they are non punished every bit badly as other pupils are. †¢ Legal Procedures: Because of the raised consciousness of the civil rights of kids, the jurisprudence requires grownups to travel through expensive, time-consuming and confusing processs in respects to school subject. These legal processs do protect the rights of kids, but make it really hard to halt school subject jobs. †¢ Modeling: Many grownups fail to pattern the behaviours they want from pupils. Modeling the regulations that pupils are to follow should be required of all grownups. All grownups in a community, particularly parents and instructors, need to pattern unity, honestness, regard and self-denial. †¢ Enforcement ; Because of internal administrative jobs or deficiency of processs, many school functionaries fail to implement the regulations or punish pupils for misdemeanors. Some fear cases from parents ; others merely do non care, or they are â€Å" burned out. † †¢ Time-out and Detention: In-school suspensions, time-out and detainment have been antique solutions for troubled pupils. Yet today, many pupils do non mind detainment, preferring it to traveling place to an empty or opprobrious family. Many consider time-out a quiet topographic point to work. Detention lets them socialise after school. In add-on, both time-out and detainment get them attending from caring grownups. †¢ Fuzzy Rules: Surveies have shown that many regulations are non purely enforced. Many school and schoolroom regulations do non do sense to pupils. Some subject codifications are â€Å" fuzzed † and non clear on outlooks and penalties. Some riotous pupils are labeled with codifications like ADHD ( Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ) or Emotional Damage. This leads some school staff assume that they can non implement positive behaviour and alternatively must fall back to inquiring parents to â€Å" medicate † them. †¢ Self Esteem: Many schools have emphasized self-pride over and above everything else. Some instructors are afraid to train or demand good behaviour because it will ache the kid ‘s self-pride. School subject has become lax over the old ages, as our relationships have weakened. Amalgamate school systems and mega schools have made the separation between household and school wider than of all time. These mega schools have mostly ignored the local community. In add-on, some parents have lost touch with their kids for many different grounds. For school subject to be successful, we need to reconstruct those relationships. Parents and schools need to work together to transfuse the importance of instruction into kids of all ages. Finding subject processs that work is a occupation for pupils, parents, and instructors to research together. In today ‘s society, working together within the school and community will assist learn kids that working as a squad can efficaciously work out the job. Part VI. Reference Cipani, Ennio: Classroom Management for All instructors: 12 Plans For Evidence-Base Practice. Pearson Custom Printing, 2003 Cohen, David ; Body Language, What You Need To Know, 2007 Froyen, L. A. , A ; Iverson, A. M. ; School-Wide and Classroom Management: The Brooding Educator-Leader ( 3rd Ed. ) . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 1999 Iverson, Annette M. Building Competence in Classroom Management and Discipline. Pearson Custom Printing, 2003. Livingston, Drs. Sharon and Glen ; How to Use Body Language. Psy Tech Inc. , 2004 Brodinsky, Ben. Student Discipline: Problems and Solutions. American Association of School Administrators Critical Issues Report. Sacramento, California: Education News Service, 1980. Gram molecules, Oliver C. Strategies to Reduce Student Misbehavior. Washington, D.C. : Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Department of Education, 1989. Hymowitz, Kay S. : Who Killed School Discipline? City Journal, 2000 A Study On Classroom Management Education Essay Classroom direction accomplishments are an built-in portion of instructional rating of both the pupils and the instructors themselves. Actually, classroom direction schemes are a more toothsome name for schoolroom subject. This paper will discourse the indispensable constituents to do schoolroom direction effectual. Part I. BODY LANGUAGE Body linguistic communication is an of import portion of communicating, which can represent 50 % or more of what we are pass oning. If one wishes to pass on good, so it makes sense to understand how they can ( and can non ) use their organic structure to state what they mean. It comes in bunchs of signals and positions, depending on the internal emotions and mental provinces. Acknowledging a whole bunch is therefore far more dependable than seeking to construe single elements. Body linguistic communication is a term for communicating utilizing organic structure motions or gestures alternatively of, or in add-on to, sounds, verbal linguistic communication or other communicating. It forms portion of the class of paralinguistic communication, which describes all signifiers of human communicating that are non verbal linguistic communication. This includes the most elusive of motions that many people are non cognizant of, including blink and little motion of the superciliums. In add-on, organic structure linguistic communication can besides integrate the usage of facial looks. Although they are by and large non cognizant of it, many people send and receive non-verbal signals all the clip. These signals may bespeak what they are genuinely experiencing. The technique of reading people is used often. For illustration, the thought of mirroring organic structure linguistic communication to set people at easiness is normally used in interviews. It sets the individual being interviewed at easiness. Mirroring the organic structure linguistic communication of person else indicates that they are understood. Body linguistic communication signals may hold a end other than communicating. Both people would maintain this in head. Perceivers limit the weight they place on non-verbal cues. Signalers clarify their signals to bespeak the biological beginning of their actions. One of the most basic and powerful body-language signals is when a individual crosses his or her weaponries across the thorax. This can bespeak that a individual is seting up an unconscious barrier between themselves and others. It can besides bespeak that the individual ‘s weaponries are cold which would be clarified by rubbing the weaponries or huddling. When the overall state of affairs is amicable, it can intend that a individual is believing profoundly about what is being discussed. However, in a serious or confrontational state of affairs, it can intend that a individual is showing resistance. This is particularly so if the individual is tilting off from the talker. A harsh or clean facial look frequently indicates straight-out ill will. Such a individual is non an ally, and may be sing combative tactics. Consistent oculus contact can bespeak that a individual is believing positively of what the talker is stating. It can besides intend that the other individual does non swear the talker plenty to â€Å" take his or her eyes off † the talker. Lack of oculus contact can bespeak negativeness. On the other manus, persons with anxiousness upsets are frequently unable to do oculus contact without uncomfortableness. Eye contact is frequently a secondary and deceptive gesture because we are taught from an early age to do oculus contact when speech production. If a individual is looking at you but is doing the arms-across-chest signal, the oculus contact could be declarative that something is trouble oneselfing the individual, and that he or she wants to speak about it. Alternatively, if while doing direct oculus contact a individual is shirking with something, even while straight looking at you, it could bespeak the attending is elsewhere. Incredulity is frequently indicated by averted regard, or by touching the ear or rubing the mentum. So is eyestrain, or itching. When a individual is non being convinced by what person is stating, the attending constantly wanders, and the eyes will gaze away for an drawn-out period. Boredom is indicated by the caput leaning to one side, or by the eyes looking directly at the talker but going somewhat unfocused. A caput joust may besides bespeak a sore cervix, and unfocussed eyes may bespeak optic jobs in the hearer. Interest can be indicated through position or extended oculus contact. Deceit or the act of keep backing information can sometimes be indicated by touching the face during conversation. It should be noted that some people, with certain disablements, or those on the autistic spectrum, usage and understand organic structure linguistic communication otherwise, or non at all. Interpreting their gestures and facial looks, or deficiency thereof, in the context of normal organic structure linguistic communication normally leads to misinterpretations and misunderstandings, particularly if body linguistic communication is given precedence over spoken linguistic communication. It should besides be stated that people from different civilizations could construe organic structure linguistic communication in different ways. Part II. DISCUSS LEGAL ISSUES IN REGARDS TO SCHOOL DISCIPLINE School subject today would be a tougher job than of all time, even without all these alterations, because of the countrywide addition of troubled households and disorderly childs. Some schools, particularly those in interior metropoliss, have pupils who are literally violent criminals. School subject has two chief ends: ( 1 ) guarantee the safety of staff and pupils, and ( 2 ) create an environment conducive to larning. Serious pupil misconduct affecting violent or condemnable behaviour lickings these ends and frequently makes headlines in the procedure. However, the commonest subject jobs involve noncriminal pupil behaviour. These less dramatic jobs may non endanger personal safety, but they still negatively affect the acquisition environment. Disruptions interrupt lessons for all pupils, and riotous pupils lose even more learning clip. Research workers calculate that in many schools, pupils lost 7,932 instructional yearss ( 44 old ages ) in-school and out-of-school suspensions in a individual academic twelvemonth. The being of subject jobs in school may lend to an environment that facilitates school force and offense. On a day-to-day or hebdomadal happening, jobs such as pupil racial tensenesss, intimidation, sexual torment of other pupils, verbal maltreatment of instructors, widespread schoolroom upset, and Acts of the Apostless of discourtesy for instructors in public schools. The happening of unwanted pack and cult activities, and due to the terrible nature of these incidents, nowadayss all studies of pack and cult activities during the school twelvemonth. Secondary school principals across the United States revealed that most decision makers felt more strict due procedure processs should follow in subject instances than those required by federal ordinances and school policies. The principals besides tended to believe that bodily penalty should be permitted under certain fortunes and that both unequal instructor preparation refering subject and a deficiency of equal alternate plans for pupils were the major factors restricting schools ‘ abilities to keep order. However, today principals lack the tools they used to hold for covering even with the boisterous childs. Once, they could throw out such childs for good or direct them to particular schools for the hard-to-discipline. The particular schools have mostly vanished, and province instruction Torahs normally do non let for lasting ejection. So at best, a school might pull off to reassign a pupil criminal elsewhere in the same territory. Educators today besides find their custodies tied when covering with another disruptive and much larger group of pupils, those covered by the 1975 Persons with Disabilities Education Act ( IDEA ) . This jurisprudence, which mandates that schools provide a â€Å" free and appropriate instruction † for kids irrespective of disablement and supply it, furthermore, within regular schoolrooms whenever humanly possible efficaciously strips pedagogues of the authorization to reassign or to suspend for long periods any pupil classified as necessitating particular instruction. This would non count if particular instruction included chiefly the wheelchair-bound or deaf pupils whom we normally think of every bit handicapped. However, it does non. Over the past several decennaries, the figure of kids classified under the mistily defined disablement classs of â€Å" learning disablement † and â€Å" emotional perturbation † has exploded. Many of these childs are those one time merely called â€Å" unwieldy † or â€Å" antisocial † : portion of the legal definition of emotional perturbation is â€Å" an inability to construct or keep satisfactory interpersonal relationships with equals and instructors, â€Å" in other words, to be portion of an orderly community. Prosecutors indicates that disproportional Numberss of the juvenile felons they now see are particular instruction pupils. With IDEA limitations haltering them, school functionaries can non react forcefully when these childs get into battles, expletive instructors, or even put pupils and staff at serious hazard, as excessively frequently happens. One illustration captures the jurisprudence ‘s absurdness. School functionaries in Connecticut caught one pupil go throughing a gun to another on school premises. One, a regular pupil, received a yearlong suspension, as federal jurisprudence requires. The other, handicapped ( he stuttered ) , received merely a 45-day suspension and particular, individualised services, as IDEA requires. Most times, though, schools can non acquire even a 45-day reprieve from the pandemonium these childs can unleash. It is of import to maintain the ultimate end in head while working to better school subject. As instruction research worker ‘s points out, â€Å" the end of good behaviour is necessary, but non sufficient to guarantee academic growing. † Effective school subject schemes seek to promote responsible behaviour and to supply all pupils with a hearty school experience every bit good as to deter misconduct. Part III. CONVENANT AND CONDUCT MANAGEMENT Conduct direction is centered on one ‘s beliefs about the nature of people. By incorporating cognition about human diverseness ( and individualism, at the same clip ) into a peculiar instructional doctrine, instructors could pull off their schoolrooms in a better, more effectual manner. Research workers have pointed out the importance of helping pupils in positive behaviours. In be aftering schoolroom direction, instructors should see utilizing an self-asserting communicating manner and behaviour. In add-on, they should ever cognize what they want their pupils to make and affect them in the several acquisition activities, under the general conditions of clearly and explicitly stated school broad and schoolroom regulations. Harmonizing to Iverson and Froyen, behavior direction is indispensable to the creative activity of a foundation for â€Å" an orderly, task-oriented attack to learning and larning † , therefore taking to allowing pupil ‘s greater independency and liberty through socialisation. An effectual behavior direction program should besides mention to teacher control and disposal of effects. The undermentioned constituents of such a program are focused on in this sum-up: acknowledging responsible behaviours, rectifying irresponsible and inappropriate behaviour, disregarding, propinquity control, soft verbal rebukes, detaining, discriminatory seating, clip owed, time-out, presentment of parents/guardians, written behavioural contract, puting bounds outside the schoolroom, and reinforcement systems. All of these constituents are presented so they can be identified in illustrations of best instruction patterns. Covenant direction stresses the schoolroom group as a societal system. Teacher and pupil functions and outlooks shape the schoolroom into an environment conducive to larning. In other words, the civilization of any given school is alone to that school. However, it is straight influenced by the civilization of the larger community whose educational ends are to be met. A strong connexion between school and community must be invariably revised and modified harmonizing to the demands of social dynamism. As schools become really diverse, instructors and pupils should go cognizant of how to utilize diverseness to beef up the school/classroom societal group. Quality schools are defined by instructor effectivity and pupil accomplishment under the protections of edifice strong interpersonal accomplishments. In this visible radiation, instructor and pupil relationships are indispensable to guaranting a positive school and schoolroom atmosphere. Classroom direction subject jobs can be dealt with either on an single footing ( between instructor and pupil ) or by group job work outing ( category meetings ) . As common trust builds up between instructor and pupils, the latter are bit by bit released from teacher supervising by going separately responsible. This is how both â€Å" pedagogues and pupils become co-participants in the teaching-learning procedure, endeavoring to do the most of themselves and their corporate experience. † Part IV. CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT Plan Classroom direction and schoolroom organisation are intertwined. High school pupils possess sophisticated societal accomplishments and by and large experience that instructors need to gain their regard before they are to the full willing to collaborate. In order to acquire loath pupils on their side, instructors need to show a clear schoolroom direction program that creates a positive acquisition environment and exhibits consistence, lucidity, equity, foresight, and the sharing of a schoolroom direction program. Consistency is instructors tell pupils what to anticipate and so present. This applies to all facets of the high school schoolroom runing from placing trial yearss to presenting direction. Get downing every English category, for illustration, by presenting a inquiry for treatment or written response, helps set up a everyday that pupils can anticipate. Clarity is being clearly explicated their acquisition aims for the class every bit good their outlooks for pupil behaviour. Discuss these subjects with pupils during the first hebdomad of category and supply specific illustrations of what pupils are expected to carry through and how they are expected to act. Practicing schoolroom regulations is non entirely reserved for simple school. By exemplifying through role-play with pupils what is considered appropriate and inappropriate behaviour, instructors leave no room for pupil reading on these of import points. Fairness relates to handling pupils every bit, administrating both congratulations and effects based on behaviour non on the pupil. It besides applies to demoing regard for your pupils by puting realistic outlooks and offering counsel and support to assist pupils achieve those ends. A foresight map out categories in progress with pupils. Spend the first few yearss of category discoursing an overview of what you hope to carry through every bit far as content, accomplishment development, and pupil behaviour and category format. If a pupil does non stay by category outlooks, they know in progress what repercussions they will confront. The sharing of schoolroom direction program is to incarnate these features and high school instructors need to get the hang schoolroom organisation. By showing a elaborate schoolroom direction program in authorship, instructors set the tone for an organized high school schoolroom. A schoolroom direction program includes class aims, category outlooks, assignment calendar, and pupil information. Course Objectives identifies the general subjects your class will cover every bit good as accomplishments your pupils will develop over the class of a semester or school twelvemonth. Class Expectations, or category regulations, include coming to category prepared, turning in assignments on clip and behaving in a manner that Fosters student larning. Be specific in outlooks and be clear about the reverberations pupils will confront if they do non adhere to these regulations. Assignment Calendars should place subjects covered for one one-fourth. Important yearss such as debuts to new units, trials , assignment due day of the months and exam reappraisals should be clearly marked. School vacations and instructor working daies should be outlined every bit good. Student Information should be completed by pupils during the first hebdomad of school. In the event that you want to update parents on a major achievement or severe trouble their kid has encountered in your category, you will hold the necessary contact information available to hasten parent communicating. Part V. RESEARCH ARTICLE In a article written by Sherry H. Brown, School Discipline: What Works and What Does n’t, it does n’t take a batch of research to state us that school subject is different today than it was in the 1950s. This article discussed assorted surveies that showed pupils who misbehave in school express a assortment of grounds for making so: Some think that instructors do non care about them. Others do non desire to be in school at all. They do non see success in school of import anymore. Students are incognizant that bad behaviour will ensue in penalty they will non wish. Discipline hatchet mans have to travel through long processs of due procedure: hearings, specific charges, informants, and entreaties. I read this article to my category, despite these hurdlings ; pupils of Inkster High School agreed that subject is needed in schools. One pupil stated, â€Å" If there were no subject, the school would non be distinguished from the street. † This article pointed out countries that cause disciplinary jobs in school. †¢ Denial: In many schools, their pupils intimidate instructors. Out of fright of revenge, they fail to describe jobs or disregard them trusting that the pupils responsible will discontinue the bad behaviour by themselves. †¢ Troubled Students: State and Federal Torahs require that some particular needs pupils receive particular attending. Many grownups and school systems believe that â€Å" troubled pupils † are non responsible for their actions, therefore they are non punished every bit badly as other pupils are. †¢ Legal Procedures: Because of the raised consciousness of the civil rights of kids, the jurisprudence requires grownups to travel through expensive, time-consuming and confusing processs in respects to school subject. These legal processs do protect the rights of kids, but make it really hard to halt school subject jobs. †¢ Modeling: Many grownups fail to pattern the behaviours they want from pupils. Modeling the regulations that pupils are to follow should be required of all grownups. All grownups in a community, particularly parents and instructors, need to pattern unity, honestness, regard and self-denial. †¢ Enforcement ; Because of internal administrative jobs or deficiency of processs, many school functionaries fail to implement the regulations or punish pupils for misdemeanors. Some fear cases from parents ; others merely do non care, or they are â€Å" burned out. † †¢ Time-out and Detention: In-school suspensions, time-out and detainment have been antique solutions for troubled pupils. Yet today, many pupils do non mind detainment, preferring it to traveling place to an empty or opprobrious family. Many consider time-out a quiet topographic point to work. Detention lets them socialise after school. In add-on, both time-out and detainment get them attending from caring grownups. †¢ Fuzzy Rules: Surveies have shown that many regulations are non purely enforced. Many school and schoolroom regulations do non do sense to pupils. Some subject codifications are â€Å" fuzzed † and non clear on outlooks and penalties. Some riotous pupils are labeled with codifications like ADHD ( Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ) or Emotional Damage. This leads some school staff assume that they can non implement positive behaviour and alternatively must fall back to inquiring parents to â€Å" medicate † them. †¢ Self Esteem: Many schools have emphasized self-pride over and above everything else. Some instructors are afraid to train or demand good behaviour because it will ache the kid ‘s self-pride. School subject has become lax over the old ages, as our relationships have weakened. Amalgamate school systems and mega schools have made the separation between household and school wider than of all time. These mega schools have mostly ignored the local community. In add-on, some parents have lost touch with their kids for many different grounds. For school subject to be successful, we need to reconstruct those relationships. Parents and schools need to work together to transfuse the importance of instruction into kids of all ages. Finding subject processs that work is a occupation for pupils, parents, and instructors to research together. In today ‘s society, working together within the school and community will assist learn kids that working as a squad can efficaciously work out the job. Part VI. Reference Cipani, Ennio: Classroom Management for All instructors: 12 Plans For Evidence-Base Practice. Pearson Custom Printing, 2003 Cohen, David ; Body Language, What You Need To Know, 2007 Froyen, L. A. , A ; Iverson, A. M. ; School-Wide and Classroom Management: The Brooding Educator-Leader ( 3rd Ed. ) . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 1999 Iverson, Annette M. Building Competence in Classroom Management and Discipline. Pearson Custom Printing, 2003. Livingston, Drs. Sharon and Glen ; How to Use Body Language. Psy Tech Inc. , 2004 Brodinsky, Ben. Student Discipline: Problems and Solutions. American Association of School Administrators Critical Issues Report. Sacramento, California: Education News Service, 1980. Gram molecules, Oliver C. Strategies to Reduce Student Misbehavior. Washington, D.C. : Office of Educational Research and Improvement, U.S. Department of Education, 1989. Hymowitz, Kay S. : Who Killed School Discipline? City Journal, 2000

No Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

No - Essay Example This led to the development of electric vehicles from the middle of the 19th century as well as those that were propelled by internal combustion engines. This opened up business opportunities for inventors of battery and motor technology as well as those who traded in storage of electricity. However, internal combustion technology managed to get an early mass adoption after the assembly line was invented by Henry Ford (Etzion & Struben 2011, p. 3). In the case of Better Place, the timing was convenient as it was launched when most governments were concerned with the emission of greenhouse gases by vehicles that ran on the internal combustion technology. From the point of view of the five forces analysis developed by Porter, also known as P5F, it is evident that the advancement of electric vehicles by Better Place had the advantages associated with new market entrants. For example, one of its geographical targets was Hawaii, which imported 90 percent of its oil in order to meet its ga soline requirements. Further, the state had the highest prices for gasoline in the entire nation. Therefore, revival of the electric vehicle, whose production had temporarily stopped in the 1930s, was a direct threat to the internal combustion technology that had raised concerns among environmentalists. Suppliers in the industry also had the advantage of a high bargaining power because of their small number as compared to suppliers of vehicles that ran on internal combustion engines. The electric vehicles created a situation of threat of substitutes for the internal combustion vehicles since they served the same purpose but at a cheaper cost of maintenance and in more environmental-friendly ways. However, with the key challenge facing electric vehicles being the low mileage provided by the battery as well as the slow development of charging points, it was not clear how quickly the market’s demand side would develop. Further, according to a report prepared by Ernest and Young, consumers, especially in the United States, were not readily willing to consider electric vehicles as practical options to internal combustion (Etzion & Struben 2011, p. 14). This placed a limit on the number of units that would be released into the market at any given time. In light of this, the United State’s vehicle manufacturer, General Motors (GM), withdrew from the production of electric vehicles, resulting in a major setback for advocates of the technology. However, at the same time, this also paved way for many other smaller companies to venture into industry. This consequently reduced their bargaining power as suppliers, forcing them to shift focus from luxury vehicles to more affordable ones. Scenario Planning The business scenario at Better Place was planned to address the concept of making the world a better place by the year 2020. The founder’s vision was based on the idea of creating a link between customers, battery companies and vehicle companies in a way that would facilitate and maintain the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (Etzion & Struben 2011, p. 4). The link was aimed at overcoming limited mobility, which was the most significant downside of electric vehicles. This planning went beyond what had limited most companies in the industry. The companies believed that adoption of elect

Answer all questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer all questions - Essay Example However, things changed soon after I discovered that my friend lied to me.1 Although I clearly told him that I need a car that should cost $4000, I was very much infuriated to find out later that the deal was actually for the car to be sold to be at the price of $6000. Since he was my friend, I had complete trust on him and I signed the documents without thoroughly going through them and this was my biggest mistake. On finding out about the correct situation, I was left in the middle of nowhere and since I had signed the deal, I had to pay 2000 extra for the car. This happened few years back when I was in studying in college and it happened to be one of my biggest mistakes in life but I learnt a lot from this experience and now I make every decision very carefully. 2 Work Cited Cash, Thomas, F., & Pruzinsky, Thomas. Body Image: A Handbook of Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice. Guilford Press, 2004, pp 91. Rosengren, Karl, E. Media effects and beyond: culture, socialization and l ifestyles. Routledge Publishers, 1994, pp 181.

Profession Selected Essay Example for Free

Profession Selected Essay An accountancy firm provides a vast number of services, such as accountancy, assurance, information technology and secretarial services. For the scope of this paper, we will select and focus on assurance services entailed by an external auditor on public limited companies in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act. 1. 1 Research Methodology The research methodology adopted in this assignment shall utilize both primary and secondary data in order to attain sufficient information necessary for the job research on assurance services. The primary data will comprise a qualitative research carried out through interviews with audit managers and in-charge auditors of one of the big four accountancy firms, KPMG, which is shown in Appendix A. Secondary information shall entail relevant textbooks, journal articles and web documents as portrayed in the bibliography section. 1. 2 Daily Demands of a Professional Auditor in Public Practice The comments provided by the audit manager interviewed, shown in Appendix A of this paper are much in line with what is stated in auditing textbooks, with respect to the work of the auditor. Planning is the initial stage of the audit, once the auditor is selected and the directors sign the engagement letter (AAT Interactive Text Unit 17 2005, p 14). The audit strategy commences with the objectives of the audit, which normally are identifying key audit areas, nothing-potential problems, assigning the staff properly and facilitating the audit review (AAT Interactive Text Unit 17 2005, p 94). This planning step normally entails an examination of the industry, and the company’s management in order to ascertain the inherent risks of the firm. The flow of documentation and extent of controls present in the organization are also examined with the goal of setting the control risk. Once the inherent and control risks are set, the detection risk, which is the only risk within the auditor’s control, is established. The setting of the materiality level, which is an integral part of risk assessment lead to the end of the planning stage of the audit (AAT Interactive Text Unit 17 2005, p 96 – 101). The actual testing of account balances and transactions commences when the fieldwork starts, normally at the client’s premises. Tests of control will be applied on the internal controls present in the corporation with the aim of evaluating their effectiveness in detecting and preventing error and fraud. This aids the auditor in determining the substantive tests necessary. In organizations with effective internal control systems, restrictive substantive testing is usually carried out, which comprises audit test on the areas where reasonable assurance was not provided by reliance on the internal controls (AAT Interactive Text Unit 17 2005, p 15). The daily demands of an auditor are not only on testing, especially when considering the in-charge auditor. Direction and supervision of audit assistants is necessary in order to ensure proper co-ordination. Meetings with the engagement partner, manager and audit staff is also carried out during the audit, both at the planning stage, fieldwork and completion phase (AAT Interactive Text Unit 17 2005, p 110 – 114). 1. 3 Skills and personality traits necessary in an audit environment A generic answer was provided by the audit manager interviewed, in which he stated that technical, communication and computer application skills are necessary. Good appearance and ethical behavior were noted as regards the personality traits. We can further compound on such matters by amplifying the skills necessary and expounding the ethical attitude necessary for such profession. Communication includes three main skills, speaking, listening and interpersonal skills. Speaking skills comprises clear articulation, intonation effects and the pace and pauses adopted during the conveying of the message. During a conversation, both face-to-face and over the telephone it is important that we listen. Our ability in properly decoding messages and responding to his feedback even through a â€Å"yes† can build a positive relationship, which will ultimately enhance proper communication (AAT Interactive Text Units 22 and 23 2005, p 224). Interpersonal skills include a mixture of speaking and listening abilities. An individual with good interpersonal abilities will be highly effective in motivating staff, team-building and customer care, which are very important in auditing. Such important benefits are derived from staff who is able in negotiating and persuading other people, managing conflict and communicate informatively and supportively (AAT Interactive Text Units 22 and 23 2005, p 201). The computer applications and technical knowledge pointed out during the interview are also important skills. Computer software that is normally utilized by an auditor are office software like Microsoft word and excel, and accounting packages such as sage, which will be adopted by the client in order to record accounting transactions and provide the necessary reports. As regards the technical competence, which is frequently attained through formal training in a university needs to be further enhanced once achieved. A degree qualification is not an end, but a means to an end. It is therefore vital that once enrolling in such profession we continue covering important technical areas, such as accounting and auditing standards in order to progress our knowledge on such aspects. Indeed it is common practice for audit firms to induce and support staff to higher formal education relevant to the auditing profession to increase and widen their technical abilities. The ethical behavior outlined by the manager interviewed can be further illustrated with the aid of the code of ethics of accountants and auditors. An auditor is required to be independent and portray technical competence, integrity and professional attitude in his behavior and judgments (Cottell G. P. et al. 1990, p 29). Independence is achieved by not having close relations in the company, not accepting gifts from customer and the client does not entail a substantial part of the auditor’s income, which is outside the scope of the employee (AAT Interactive Text Unit 17 2005, p 25 26). Technical abilities are sustained through the license requirements, which will be further referred to in the following section. While the latter two, highly depend on the character of the individual and the attention devoted to his behavior. The individual interviewed outlined the importance of proper behavior as shown in Appendix A. 1. 4 Licensing Requirements for an Auditor The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants is the representative body in charge of licensing accountants and auditors in public practice (The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants). The person interviewed outlined this point. From such interview the case of technical competence and practical experience also emerged in order to attain such license. A degree majoring in accountancy is necessary from an accredited university, together with a number of years of practical experience with a licensed auditor working in public practice. 1. 5 Remuneration of an Auditor The point that initially an auditor employed in an audit firm will be remunerated a lower wage in relation to the industry arose from the interview. Indeed the interviewee outlined that an average wage of $20 per hour is achieved. This stems from the fact that at the beginning an assistant auditor would need considerable on the job training and could not be given a job alone. However, through progression and promotion, the wage can increase reaching a mean of $32. 21 per hour. The possibility of room for growth arose for such job. 1. 6 Opportunities and Threats of in an Audit Environment The audit manager highlighted the fact that a correlation exists between the industry performance and the demand for auditors, like every industry related job. In this respect, the better the economy the greater the job opportunities for auditors. However, the unification of a number of different countries in North America and Europe is providing the opportunity of international markets. As a result, the rewards that successful candidates can achieve once attaining the qualification and entering in such profession are improving (Successful Students get their just reward 2005, p 8). For instance, in the big four audit firms, like KPMG, secondment opportunities are frequently provided to staff, once they gain sufficient experience in the profession. This thus enables them to work in other countries and widen their practical experience on auditing. It was also noted in section 1. 3 that audit firms are supporters of formal education in order to improve the technical competence of staff. Therefore employees also have the opportunity to increase their education with the aid of the company. Such help may consist of study leave and even financial assistance on the course fee. In the industry such training opportunities are difficult. The manager interviewed showed his concern upon the main threat of an auditor, which consists of providing an incorrect audit opinion and losing the firm’s reputation. At the beginning of our employment in such profession, however the threat will stem from the increasing competition arising from the rise of students undergoing accountancy courses to commence working as auditors. In addition, such industry is considered as a monopolistic market, in which a vast number of clients and auditors exist (Shailer G. et al 2004, p 263). This leads to tough competition requesting the need of high efficiency and service quality, which will be exerted on a tougher selection of employees in the firm. Thus it is important that we enhance the skills necessary for an auditor, portrayed in section 1. 3, to overcome such threat. 1. 7 Final Thought – My Strengths and Weaknesses in relation to this Profession I am already involved in an accountancy course and therefore the technical skills are being achieved. My commitment to studies is also boosting me in such area. I also possess a good knowledge of computer applications software and always successfully managed to work in a team. The main weakness that I can presently identify is the inability to apply such technical knowledge in practice. This arises from my limited working experience in such area. However, I am confident that once I commence working as an assistant auditor, I will mitigate this problem through the on the job training provided and my dedication to such work. Appendix A – Questions and Answers attained from the interview 1. Is planning necessary in auditing? If yes explain what it entails? An external auditor is required by Auditing Standards to properly plan an audit before the commencement of the audit itself. This aids the auditor is assessing risk and identifying key areas of the audit. A properly set plan also promotes coordination and efficiency in the audit team. 2. What is main objective of the audit? The primary duty of the auditor is to prepare a report on the truth and fairness of the financial statements. 3. What are the salient daily demands during the audit fieldwork? Once the in-charge auditor starts the audit assignment, he should coordinate his and the teams efforts in order to complete the audit within the specified deadline. The internal control system should be checked first via tests of control in order to identify the internal control strengths and weaknesses, which will ultimately affect the audit tests carried out. This is followed by substantive procedures on the important elements of the financial statements. 4. Name the main skills that an external auditor necessitates? Apart from technical competence in accountancy and auditing, an auditor requires good communication skills both written and verbal and knowledge of computer applications. On advancement, management and leadership skills are also necessary in view, that he will be managing an audit team. 5. How should an auditor behave at the client’s premises? A professional attitude is a must in auditing. We have to keep abreast the fact that due to the lack of tangibility in a service, the customer will frequently seek tangible factors such as the behavior of audit staff in assessing the service provided. This is thus an important facet to sustain the reputation of the firm. Apart from dressing smartly, the auditor is required to behave ethically, paying particular attention in the communication style and words used when discussing the audit with the client. 6. What is the current compensation of a recent graduate in this profession? At the beginning, the normal average wage of an assistant auditor would be $20 per hour. Such low wage is provided at the commencement in relation to the industry in view of the on the job training necessary to such staff. Upon progression and promotion the employee can reach $32. 21 per hour. 7. What are the current opportunities in the audit profession? This profession is highly correlated with the industries performance. The more the companies incorporated, the greater the job opportunities for an auditor. The increasing unification of countries, like the European Union is also providing access to international markets. 8. Name the main threats of an auditor? The most critical threat that an auditor faces is the public exposure in instances where an incorrect audit opinion is provided and the organization faces financial problems. In these cases the reputation of the audit firm is destroyed, like Arthur Anderson in the Enron incident. The increasing competition in such profession is also exerting considerable pressure on efficiency and audit fee. 9. What are the licensing requirements to operate as an auditor in public practice? A special license is necessary to operate as an auditor, which is provided by American Institute of Chartered Accountants once sufficient technical competence and audit training are achieved. Bibliography AAT Interactive Text Unit 17 (2005). Implementing Audit Procedures. London: BPP Professional Education. AAT Interactive Text Units 22 and 23 (2005). Health and Safety and Personal Effectiveness. London: BPP Professional Education. Cottell G. P. ; Perlin M. T. (1990). Accounting Ethics: A Practical Guide for Professionals. Westport: Quorum Books. Shailer G. ; Cummings L. ; Vatuloka E. ; Welch S. (2004). Discretionary Pricing in a Monopolistic Audit Market, International Journal of Auditing, Vol. 8, Issue 3. Successful Students get their just reward, The News Letter, 29th June 2005. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Legislative Activities and State Licensing Issues (on line). Available from: http://www. aicpa. org/Legislative+Activities+and+state+licensing+Issues/ (Accessed 21st May 2007)

Like A Virgin.. Or Not :: essays research papers fc

Like a Virgin†¦or not   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Madonna had always been a holy icon until the early 1980’s when the name â€Å"Madonna† developed a dual connotation. The introduction of America’s top female sex symbol Madonna created an image far opposite of the previously known hallowed one. In John Fiske’s essay â€Å"Madonna,† he depicts the singer’s character, portraying her as socially and semiotically powerful. Although his essay is currently outdated, Fiske illustrates an illusion of Madonna that Generation Xers eventually accepted and will probably never forget.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sex has always been a controversial matter in American society. Before the 1980’s, those that openly articulated their views about sex were thought of as promiscuous and perverse, unless they were male. Perhaps, that is why the aura of Madonna stirred raving controversy across America. Fiske notes that her image was not a â€Å"model meaning for young girls in patriarchy, but a site of semiotic struggle between the forces of patriarchal control and feminine resistance, of capitalism and the subordinate, of the adult and the young (Fiske 282).† Never before had a woman presented herself so provocatively yet so comfortably.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the beginning, Madonna ultimately sacrificed sexual purity. Her daring exploitation of sex from a feminine point of view was definitely a breakthrough in 1980’s American society. Often, she dressed like a man and grabbed herself in â€Å"sacred† and â€Å"unseen† places. Actions like these, as Fiske points out, presented a threat but â€Å"not the traditional and easily contained one of woman as a whore but the more radical one of woman as independent of masculinity (Fiske 284).† Young girls regarded her actions not as â€Å"tarty† or â€Å"seductive† but as completely â€Å"acceptable.† Eventually, they embraced her image and strived to follow her example of the independent and sexually licentious woman (Fiske 283). Society has finally accepted feminine independence and accredited Madonna as the pioneer for introducing that autonomy. In many ways, she now represents the woman’s metamorphosis. As Fiske noted she began by showing â€Å"both her pleasure in her own physicality and the fun she finds (found) in admitting and expressing pleasure: it is (was) a sexual-physical pleasure that has (had) nothing to do with men†¦(Fiske 285).† While this may have been an impression of Madonna in the 1980’s, she has evolved into what society deems as the epitome of badass woman: utterly independent. Fiske’s essay does not really have much application to the perception of Madonna in today’s society.