Grenz Review Free Essays

TY 170 February 23, 2009 Grenz Review over the long haul, various topics are introduced all through society. These subjects will in general make endeavors at discrediting its antecedent. In Stanley J. We will compose a custom exposition test on Grenz Review or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Grenz’ book, A Primer on Postmodernism, he talks about the two latest thoughts upheld by people in general; innovation and postmodernism. The restriction is evident between the times of innovation and postmodernity. As depicted by Grenz, advancement centers around the individual, utilizing thinking as a wellspring of reality. This conviction makes truth be relative. Postmodernity’s point of convergence is the gathering, as opposed to the person. Truth, in the postmodern view, is made by instinct and feeling, making it be built. Grenz additionally talks about both the issues postmodernity present on Christianity and the likenesses among postmodernism and Christianity. Grenz’ picture of postmodernism is exact for what society is confronting today. So as to comprehend the contrasts among innovation and postmodernism as Grenz has characterized them, first comprehension of how every wa made is required. Innovation is based around meta-accounts; stories that interface everybody together. The most significant meta-account of innovation is the well known fact of science. One of the most significant builds of advancement is independence, whereupon every cutting edge scholar based their work. â€Å"Most history specialists propose that the cutting edge period was conceived when the Enlightenment carried new would like to war-attacked Europe† (57). The Enlightenment had four standards; â€Å"Reason, nature, self-rule, and harmony† (68). These standards made the establishment for present day scholars. Numerous advanced scholars all through the period, paying little heed to their control, â€Å"Turned to the thinking subject as opposed to divine disclosure as the beginning stage for information and reflection† (65). Through these establishments set for advancement, the cutting edge savants went to science in help for their speculations. â€Å"Thinkers, for example, Descartes, Newton, and Kant gave the scholarly establishment to the advanced era† (80). Rene Descartes was one of the primary current scholars of his time, â€Å"often being alluded to as the dad of present day philosophy† (63). At the point when Descartes irst set out on his excursion for information, he set out with question, looking for essential truth that uncertainty couldn't deny (64). In the same way as other different scholars of that period, he â€Å"Attempted to present the thoroughness of numerical exhibit into all fields of knowledge,† on the grounds that he accepted that the certa inties of science were more concrete than information dependent on perception (64). Descartes in the long run arrived at the goal of his looking; the one thing that couldn't be questioned was one’s own reality. His better approach for speculation prompted an alternate viewpoint of the human individual. His work characterized â€Å"The individual as deduction substance and the human individual as a self-ruling reasonable subject† (64). This new definition upheld Augustine’s theory; â€Å"Cogito hence total †‘I think, along these lines I am,† (64). In spite of the fact that Descartes’ work didn't find subjectivity, â€Å"the boss significance of his commitment lies in his accentuation on close to home understanding and individual information, on information emerging from the individual’s one of a kind purpose of view† (64). His job in the Enlightenment cleared the way for his cutting edge thinking replacements. Following Descartes’ work, Newton started making his own engraving on the world, underscoring the significance of science. His work concentrated on attempting to clarify the functions of his universe that he saw as a â€Å"Grand, systematic machine,† (67). Newton’s thought of the world as a machine gave the structure to innovation. Newton accepted that by survey the world as a machine, he would have the option to know its developments since it would adhere to a lot of particular laws (67). His plan drove present day masterminds to have an unthinking comprehension of the world, instead of a characteristic view (50). In spite of the fact that Newton took a gander at the logical clarifications of the world, his aim was to clarify the presence of God. Like Descartes, Newton utilized the intensity of motivation to improve the significance of religious philosophy. â€Å"The current world ended up being Newton’s robotic universe populated by Descartes’ self-sufficient, levelheaded substance† (67). Through Newton’s work, different logicians had the establishment expected to establish their own connections with the universe of advancement. In the end, logicians started scrutinizing the Enlightenment and advancement all in all. Through Immanuel Kant’s work, he fortified the ties among society and advancement, which related himself with the start of the Enlightenment. Kant’s most significant commitment to innovation was his distribution of Critique of Pure Reason (57). His study fortified the help of advancement and ended all scrutinizing of it. Kant tried to make an increasingly solid stage for mysticism through his composition (76). He theorized that the brain is systematical in sorting out sensations from the outer world. â€Å"According to Kant, the human individual isn't just an animal equipped for sense experience transport likewise a good being† (77). Kant accepted that by living ethically, one lives the manner in which he wishes all individuals would live. He contended that the ethical part of human presence is basically levelheaded (78). This perspective on presence made the domain of functional explanation, which urged other present day thinkers to focus on the individual self. This mindfulness originated from Kant presenting the possibility that oneself is â€Å"not simply the focal point of philosophical consideration yet the whole topic of philosophy† (79). Through this idea, Kant guided his focus toward the individual impressive reality. Kant’s work furnished future logicians with the ideas expected to comprehend and in the end deconstruct innovation. Johann Gottlieb Fichte worked off of Kant’s revelations. He acknowledged Kant’s work yet in addition â€Å"Was empowered to detonate it from the inside† (87). Fichte would not like to wipe out Kant’s thoughts, however rather needed â€Å"To uncover the Kantian ‘fiction’ of a target world existing in its own privilege past the self,† (87). Through his work, Kant underscored the thought â€Å"that oneself makes and decides the items that comprise its own outside world† (87). Thus, the domain that Kant professes to know through ‘pure’ reason, Fichte cases to create through the activity of ‘practical’ reason† (87). His work has made an opportunity that â€Å"is significant in light of the fact that it holds the capability of freeing us from a solitary method of comprehension the w orld,† (88). Fichte figured out how to break down Kant’s thought of a flat out reality through â€Å"eliminating the noumenal realm† (88). In spite of the fact that he neutralized Kant from numerous points of view, Fichte figured out how to maintain Kant’s idea of indisputably oneself (87). Fichte, alongside other thinkers’, convictions prompted what is currently viewed as the postmodernism period by scrutinizing the setting of innovation and its constructors. Postmodernism is the simple dismissal of the thoughts that innovation and the Enlightenment support. The fundamental hypothesis that postmodernism rejects is the develop of independence. In its reprobation of innovation, it likewise dismisses the cutting edge topic of meta-stories, aside from its own. The postmodern world doesn't accept that all information is acceptable, nor that information is objective. They see life on earth as delicate and accept that the proceeded with presence of mankind is reliant on another mentality of participation instead of conquest† (7). Postmodern convictions have an increasingly negative view on the world, rather than the advanced thought. Postmoderns accept that the world is â€Å"historical, social, and personal† (7). The fundamental postmodern view is that ev erything is unique in relation to everything (7). â€Å"Many voices have joined the postmodern chorale. Yet, of these, three loom as both focal and paradigmatic †Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, and Richard Rorty. They establish a trio of postmodern prophets† (123). Michel Foucault was determined in the dismissal of the cutting edge perspective. He contended that â€Å"reason and discerning talk are hazardous.. , in light of the fact that they necessitate that we crush the assortment of reality into the counterfeit homogeneity that suits our concepts† (127). His goals were not to introduce the thoughts of a superior society, yet to get request. This new society that Foucault introduced was called â€Å"’heterotopia,’† instead of the cutting edge perspective on â€Å"utopia† (20). Foucault concentrated on the association among information and force concerning social frameworks, expressing that â€Å"every understanding of the truth is an affirmation of power† (6). Foucault accepted that this force was â€Å"the intensity of violence† (59). He utilized family history to increase a superior comprehension of how we showed up to the convictions bolstered by society (135). â€Å"According to Foucault, the act of family history educates us that history isn't constrained by predetermination or some regulative component however is the result of erratic conflicts† (136). He uncovers himself to be the model postmodern by making the attestation that â€Å"no normal request lies behind what we create through our utilization of language† (137). Foucault gave another outlet to the recently shaped idea to be deciphered by future thinkers. Ensuing to Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida rethought a few thoughts of postmodernism. In contrast to Foucault, Derrida had various perspectives on what was in co

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Buyer Behavior - Essay Example In this regard, it is particularly significant in deciding its qualities. Likewise, there is additionally knowledge it gives respects to the shopper conduct and likely activities, which take into account the recognizable proof of issues and openings in promoting the item subsequently. There are in any event five phases/ventures by which the shopper makes their buys: 1) need acknowledgment; 2) data search; 3) assessment of options; 4) buy; and, 5) postpurchase conduct (Lamb, Hair and McDaniel 2008, 140). A few specialists include a few phases simultaneously, for example, with the model created by Engle, Kollat and Blackswell, which separated the utilization stage into two - utilization and post-utilization - and including a one of a kind component as divestment (Verma 2007, 178). All things considered, the stages are quite clear and represent themselves. For example, need acknowledgment relates to the genuine want, need or need of a purchaser. This is typically the main stage all the while, however the remainder of the stages don't carefully follow the request by which they were sketched out here in this paper. The phases as delineated by this paper feature the way that purchaser buy choices are impacted by a few elements - both outside and interior impacts. Individual wants, needs and needs just as the accessible data and influencers are only a portion of these factors. They must be comprehended so as to understand the multifaceted nature of the procedure. At long last, there is likewise the way that shopper dynamic procedure doesn't end with the acquisition of the item. For item designers, it should be an interminable cycle that is the reason understanding the procedure is pivotal so as to distinguish some similarity to example and cognizance and utilize it in item advancement and in showcasing. Hypothesis 2: Family Roles impact on choice Makingâ Certainly, the persuading factors behind every customer's buy conduct are extraordinary and unique. Nonetheless, the job of the family as a solitary most significant variable in the dynamic procedure for all buyers is the equivalent for most customers in most buy choices. This ground-breaking impact, as indicated by Blythe (2006) is because of three reasons: 1. the parental impact on account of the youngsters is profoundly inserted in light of the fact that it began the most punctual and in this way sway the kids' view of everything that follows; 2. the parental want to do what is best for the kids and the family; and, 3. the impact of kin as good examples, especially when the kin is more seasoned or at times the carer or the counselor (138). The above reasons were only the crucial ones particularly while considering the way that in certain families, enrollment isn't restricted to the guardians and their posterity. Or maybe, there are additionally the more distant family, for example, aunties, uncles, cousins and grandparents. At last, it must be underscored that inside the family or inside fa mily unit, a relationship exists, wherein every part has a job and takes an interest in each dynamic procedure. This relationship, job and support are supported by different issues, for example, sex and different factors that describe the relational relations inside. Aggregately, they can characterize who

Office hours COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Office hours COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The SIPA Office of Admissions Financial Aid will be closed tomorrow (November 21) at 1pm.   Well be out celebrating Thanksgiving with our friends and family.   Our office will reopen on Monday, November 26th at 9am. Office hours COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Applications are continuously being printed as files are compiled and reviewed. But were taking a break.   If you need to reach us, please note that the Office of Admissions Financial Aid will be closed, December 23 December 27.   Our office will close again for the New Year on December 31.   We will be back on January 3, 2012 (shortly before the application deadline). Happy Holidays!

Mental Illness And Musicians Writing A Song Essay

Mental Illness and Musicians Writing a song can be a grueling process if the inspiration isn’t there. Without an emotional basis to stimulate inspiration, nothing of creative value can be accomplished. Musicians consistently look to their emotions when it comes to song writing. Passion is a key ingredient in producing something of artistic significance. By that logic, a more emotional person should also be a more creative one. But what about those with bipolar disorder? Wouldn’t their periods of mania be a sort of creative gold mine? Mental illness can drive creativity and can be proven through the examination of established musicians, the use of music as therapy, and the chemical structure of the brain itself. Neurotransmitters in the brain can give researchers insight as to why people feel the way they do. Dopamine, for example, is the neurotransmitter associated with satisfaction. Activities such as watching your favorite TV show or eating your favorite food can caus e the release of dopamine in the brain. Moreover, dopamine can act as a stimulant to increase communication between neurons and widen the brain’s range of effects. (Hillman). A study by Dr. Fredrik Ullen, of the Karolinska Institute, examined the dopamine receptors in â€Å"highly creative types† and found that their dopamine systems highly resemble those of people who suffer from schizophrenia. In both cases, there is a low density of dopamine receptors in the thalamus, which acts as aShow MoreRelatedBipolar Disorder in Song Lyrics Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pagesopen. The lead singer and song writer of alternative rock band Blue October, Justin Furstenfeld explains on a suicide prevention video that he has â€Å"battled with bipolar disorder, psychiatric tendencies as well as anxiety issues throughout much of his life and admits he self-harmed during his teenage years and has reoccurring suicidal thoughts† (Freunde fà ¼rs Leben, 2010). Many songs that he wrote are about his mental illness and problems he faced because of it. In the song X Amount of Words, FurstenfeldRead MoreMusic Therapy: What Are the Benefits?1193 Words   |  5 Pagestoday’s medical fields. People recognized that music does have healing properties ever since ancient times. Primitive people believed that different illnesses came from either breaking taboos or from religious or magical forces. The combination of dance, song and music in healing ceremonies was thought to expel illnesses and restore balance to the human body. These practices and religious beliefs continued throughout the Middle Ages. It wasn’t until the 18th century that scientists began to research onRead MoreMusics Health Effects1229 Words   |  5 Pagesunlock the secret’s of music, this knowledge can start being applied to the real world. This includes the world of business, academia, and more recently medical fields. So in short, music can provide stress relief, it improves focus, and it improves mental health. Music effect on stress relief is due in part to it’s effect on mood. This may seem like a sentence within a sentence, but it is much more than that. When listening to classical music, one is brought into a state of calm. When listening toRead MoreCreativity And The Mad Genius1765 Words   |  8 PagesErnest Hemingway was the only one to seem to have a genetic disposition towards mental illness. None of these men led similar lives. Van Gogh only saw one of his paintings sold, while Beethoven was an acclaimed composer by the age of twenty-nine. Hemingway was friends with some of the greatest literary minds of the day, and Robin Williams was one of the most successful comedians to date. The common link, besides their mental illnesses, is the idea that each of these men were searching for something moreRead MoreMusic and Memory: The Impression of the Soul1985 Words   |  8 Pageshow 2 different types of music can affect the memory of teenagers and young adults. The majority of studies done by the University’s and non-profit organizations all ask how music affects memory of senior citizens and how this may help their mental illness. I desired to test teenagers and young adults since I feel that our education system is established around students memorizing data and statistic, whereas teachers memorizing lesson plans. If the entire idea of the education system is to memorizeRead MoreThe History Of Ludwig Van Beethoven2152 Words   |  9 Pagesplaying on the piano. Famous for more than just writing the piece Fà ¼r Elise that most of us all know. He composed many songs with a force that not just every musician has; musical emotion. Each of his pieces captured and held a story about Beethoven. Did you know Beethoven was deaf? How could a composer, a musician, a musical genius, lack such an important and valuable sense and still continue to create such beautiful pieces? What was it like for this musician to have dealt with the struggle of not bein gRead MorePsychedelic Musicians in Rock and Roll Essay2742 Words   |  11 PagesPsychedelic Musicians in Rock and Roll In 1967 the Beatles were in Abbey Road Studios putting the finishing touches on their album Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band. At one point Paul McCartney wandered down the corridor and heard what was then a new young band called Pink Floyd working on their hypnotic debut, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn. He listened for a moment, then came rushing back. Hey guys, he reputedly said, Theres a new band in there and theyre gonna steal our thunder. WithRead MoreMusic Therapy1769 Words   |  8 Pagesare many people who have no idea what it is. During W.W.I., music therapy in the United States began to develop when music was used in the Veterans Administration Hospitals as an intervention to address traumatic war injuries. There were several musicians who were not working and they would go to the Veteran hospitals to play for the injured soldiers. â€Å"Numerous doctors and nurses witnessed the effect music had on veterans psychological, physiological, cognitive, and emotional stateâ €  (University HospitalsRead MoreA Descriptive Study of the Practice of Music Therapy in Hong Kong17388 Words   |  70 Pagessense of self-awareness, and thereby to enhance his or her quality of life. The process may take place in individual or group music therapy sessions. (APMT, 2006) To summarize, the objective of music therapy is to help clients maintain physical and mental health through a series of treatments by a professional music therapist. The above three definitions, which are often cited by music therapists and scholars, not only explain what music therapy is, but also establish a new perspective or approachRead MoreSocial Networking Sites-Boon/Bane15517 Words   |  63 Pagestend to hide the real stuff by using code language you may never understand. Teens are basically using them to stop parents and employers from judging them on the basis of their social activities such as partying, drinking and drugs. Instead of writing they are drunk, teens post Getting MWI or mad with it, reports telegraph.co.uk. , a regular user says Of course the code language exists and it is quite a trendy and potent way to say things without stating the obvious. Things are not as safe

Online Education Vs Traditional Education - 1390 Words

Online Education Vs Traditional Education In the present world, there are a lot of options for a student to choose for his education. Each and every student learning technique are different and learn differently and in today’s world of increasing technology, the question will be whether to offer classes or take up classes online, but rather how to implement them effectively and efficiently. Hence a student must have to weigh a huge list of pros and cons before they choose one of the two options, since the means of education for these are different. Students have an opportunity to plan their own study time, if they choose online classes instead of other way round where the university will decide the class time or lecture time. Online classes can be taken at their own pace, sitting at their own home or at any place they feel comfortable, on the contrary students should physically attend classes as per the time prescribed by the professor, live near to the campus. In the online classes there is more flexibility than trad itional classroom because you can do your coursework any time of the day or night without having a set schedule when you have to do your coursework. There are so many people that are choosing to further their education by taking online courses instead of traditional classroom because of their busy work schedules. Professors teaching online education have set hours that they are on to answer any questions that you may have just like they do in a traditionalShow MoreRelatedTraditional Education Vs. Online Education1026 Words   |  5 Pages1101 29 October 2015 Traditional Education vs. Online Education Nowadays, education is becoming one of the fundamental things in a human lifetime; most people are trying to achieve a higher education. As technology develops considerably, it has bearings on every area of our life, even in the way of education. The development of technology has a large impact on education. Before this progression of technology, the education system was only traditional. Currently, the education system has been changedRead MoreOnline Education vs Traditional Education1666 Words   |  7 PagesOnline Education vs. Traditional Education Nowadays, with the technology furtherance and the increased use of the internet, online education has gained significant acceptance and popularity all over the world. Not too long ago, online education offered no competition to traditional education .Today, with more choices being offered online, traditional education is now facing a number of challenges in every level. This has as a result, the competition between those two educational programs, havingRead MoreOnline Education Vs. Traditional Education1221 Words   |  5 PagesBenefits of Online Education Factions and supporters of online education express many advantages of online education compared to old-style classroom instruction. First, enrollment options are offered to each student to study online for most degree plans, with a flexible enrollment option and from any location, free from a competitive student classroom environment (Frame et al., 2015). Second, online education provides the student the option to work their assignments from home or any location atRead MoreOnline vs. Traditional Education1096 Words   |  5 PagesOnline vs. Traditional Education Have you ever had the opportunity to take online classes? Have you even heard of online classes? If you haven’t, you are missing out on a great opportunity. Online education is rapidly becoming a popular alternative to traditional education. It is offering more flexibility for students and providing individuals with better opportunities for postsecondary education. Even though traditional education has been the only form of education for hundreds of yearsRead MoreOnline vs Traditional Education1054 Words   |  5 PagesOnline vs. Traditional Education With the increase in use of the Internet, more people are online to make purchases, research information and now gain an online education. Online education is on the rise. People are choosing to get an online education more so now because people are busier than ever and more jobs are requiring a college education. Also with these larger companies closing and laying off employees, people who once had a job are now faced with the challenge of looking for a new jobs-sometimesRead MoreOnline vs Traditional Education1149 Words   |  5 Pagescollege education and expand my career choices. I believe having an education is very important, if you want to be successful in your life. When looking at which school I was going to attend, I had to look at all aspects of my education. One of the first questions I asked myself was should I attend an online school or go to a traditional school? There two choices when looking to obtain a college education; the choices are online education or a tradi tional education. Online and traditional educationsRead MoreTraditional Vs. Online Education944 Words   |  4 Pagesand Contrast Traditional vs. Online As this world s technology is progressing so is the way we teach and learn. Ever since school started hundreds of years ago it s always been a teacher in a live classroom with many students. Everything is shifting, however; and now we have transitioned into online classes as well. I have had both, and I can tell you there are many comparisons and contrasts between the two. 77% of educators believe that online learning is just as good as traditional learning, ifRead MoreEssay on Online Education vs. Traditional Education1083 Words   |  5 PagesOnline Education vs. Traditional Education Online Education vs. Traditional Education While most believe online education is easy as the student is just sitting in front of the computer, attending class online is more challenging than attending class in a classroom because requires time management skills and requires self-discipline. Attending college online requires the college student to have excellent time management skills. The majority of online students have responsibilitiesRead MoreOnline Education Vs Traditional Education1068 Words   |  5 PagesOn-Line Education versus Traditional Education Introduction/Thesis Online education has rapidly become a popular alternative to traditional education, due to the flexible nature of the courses and also the fact that the online learning environment may not require additional expenses. However, some people find traditional learning to be more advantageous than online learning. The traditional learning environment provides some people with more support throughout their scholastic career. When lookingRead MoreOnline Education Vs Traditional Education1657 Words   |  7 Pagesbeing online learning. Which is the better option: traditional or online classes? Online education has become more and more popular with a â€Å"3.9% increase in the number of [online] education students† (2015) and â€Å"5.8 million students enrolled in online courses in the fall of 2014† (2015). When we look at the nuts and bolts of a traditional classroom setting compared to an online classroom setting, it becomes clear that online classes are the way to go. Not on ly do the many benefits of online learning

Airfield lighting Free Essays

Decennial sensors detect movements of aircraft and there vehicles on the ground. The signals from individual lights and sensors are communicated via FALL and are comprehensively visualized for the operators in the tower through an ALAS. FALL enables the controllers to optimize the use of the entire airfield lighting system: through flexible control of each segment of the runway, taxiway and apron circuits, every component and individual lamp is exactly controllable. We will write a custom essay sample on Airfield lighting or any similar topic only for you Order Now As such, FALL provides excellent tools to perform control of aircraft ground movements: taxiway routing, Stoppard control, runway incursion detection are now available for the operators in the tower. Safety of air traffic movements and number of slots per day are significantly increased with this modern and reliable control system. Using the power supply series circuit for reliable and high-speed communication between substation and individual lamps, FALL detects and supervises the actual status of each lamp and provides complete detailed information to the operational control station. FALL continuously monitors all lamps controlled via the system and identifies a lamp failure immediately, indicating the exact position of the failed lamp. As a result, the need for regular visual inspections is reduced and overall maintenance performance can be improved. In order to prevent collisions on the reside movement area, CIAO prescribes the implementation of an (Advanced) Surface Movement Guidance and Control System) – (A)SMOCKS is a modern control and monitoring system for the guidance of aircraft on the ground. The solutions offered by Siemens Intelligent Traffic Systems Airfield meet all legal and operational requirements in this field of application. Thanks to sophisticated navigational aids for air traffic control, aircraft can take off and land under almost all weather conditions. However, when traffic on the ground is lowed down, high-volume airborne operations are put in Jeopardy: Visibility conditions of less than mm generally delay aircraft ground movements and reduce the total capacity of the airport. SUMS identifies each aircraft, provides continuous surveillance and monitoring of taxiing traffic; determines conflict-free taxiway routes automatically and uses visual signals to guide aircraft and vehicles reliably. And in case of route deviations, it warns pilots or drivers immediately. The comprehensive SMOCKS control and monitoring functionality provides controllers with tools to enhance airport safety, efficiency and availability – under all visibility conditions. Tower ALAS Airfield Lighting Control and Monitoring Systems Airfield Lighting Control Systems (ALAS) allow air traffic controllers (TACT) to monitor and operate a range of lighting functions from the control tower, at the same time providing them with valuable feedback on the performance status of system lighting equipment. Surface Movement Guidance and Control System CIAO has specified the provision of (advanced) surface movement guidance and control systems (A-)SMOCKS to avoid collisions on the ground. Siemens/DAB is doing its part to help airports to fulfill these requirements. In the late asses the problems of transition from the new precision radio instrument approach aids to the final, visual approach at night or in reduced visibility much exercised civil aviation. Various high-intensity approach lighting systems were developed to ease the transition from instrument to visual flight. In 1949 three competing systems – a British one (the Calvert system), a French one (a form of displaced Calvert system) and an American one (the Slope Line system) were presented to CIAO. Because each system had its supporters among the CIAO members, CIAO ended up recommending that any of the three systems could be adopted. Independently, and before the CIAO decision, DACCA engineers had also been studying the problem of approach lighting and had concluded that the British ‘Calvert’ system was superior. A trial installation was installed on Session’s Runway 08 toward the end of 1951. This trial proved successful and the system was commissioned for operational use in 1953. The following information about the Calvert cross bar lighting system is based on an article High Intensity Approach Lighting by S W Hart (DACCA Sectional Airways Engineer) which appeared in the Civil Aviation Joanna, the Dacca house publication, Volvo 1, No 3, March 1951. In 1946 Mr. E S Calvert of the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Breakthrough, was requested by a UK Ministry of Civil Aviation Airfield Lighting Committee to investigate the problem of approach lighting and establish the general principles involved. Calvert tackled the problem by attempting to ascertain the visual and mental processes by which a pilot lands an aircraft. He then developed a theoretical model by which different lighting systems could be compared, and tested his theoretical results using simulation. Culvert’s line of reasoning led him to the conclusion that to provide smooth transition room instrument to visual flying without optical illusions, and to provide sensitive and natural indications which could easily be interpreted by the average pilot, the approach lighting pattern should consist of a centre line of light with horizontal bars basic elements – a line of lights leading to the runway threshold, and horizontal lights to define the attitude of the aircraft. Calvert placed much stress on roll guidance compared with the Americans who, up to that time, had completely neglected it. He was the first to realism that it was easy to confuse lateral displacement with angle of ann.. The Calvert system does not indicate a defined glide path, but the widths of the horizon bars are such that, if a pilot maintains a glide that will take him to the correct touch down point, each bar will appear to be the same width as the previous one as it disappears under the nose of the aircraft. Distance is indicated by using single lights in the centre line to indicate 1000 Ft or less from the threshold, double lights for 1000-2000 Ft and triple lights for 2000-3000 Ft. It is interesting to note that the basic form of the Calvert cross bar lighting system still forms the basis for high- intensity approach lighting systems today. Diagrams above: With horizon bars the pilot can see if he is on an even keel (left) or banked right wing down to turn on to the centre line (right). Below: A modified form of the basic High Intensity Approach Lighting system is used on some capital city precision approach (ILLS) runways, in this case on Melbourne/Utilitarian’s Runway 27. The main difference is the larger array of lights Just prior to the threshold. Runway Edge Lights are used to outline the edges of runways during periods of darkness or restricted visibility conditions. These light systems are classified according to the intensity they are capable of producing: High Intensity Runway Lights (HIRE) Medium Intensity Runway Lights (MARL) Low Intensity Runway Lights (LIRA) The HIRE and MARL systems have variable intensity controls, whereas the Liars normally have one intensity setting. Runway Edge Lights are white, except on instrument runways where yellow replaces white on the last 2,000 feet or half the runway length, whichever is less, to form a caution zone for landings. The lights marking the ends of the runway emit red light toward the runway to indicate the end of runway to a departing aircraft and emit green outward from the runway end to indicate the threshold to landing aircraft. Lighting (ARC) or Pilot Activated Lighting (PAL), is a technical system by which aircraft pilots can control the lighting of an airport or airfield’s, approach lights, runway edge lights, and taxiways via radio. PC systems are most common at non- towered or little-used airfields where it is not economical to light the runways all night every night nor to maintain staff to turn the runway lighting on and off as needed. PC enables pilots to control the lighting only when they require it, thereby saving electricity and reducing light pollution. If the airfield supports PC, the pilot test the radio to the ARC frequency for the airport, which is often, but not always, the same as the UNISOM/ACTA frequency (e. . Smiths Falls-Montague Airport hosts separate Unisom and ARC frequencies). The systems are then typically operated by performing a series of clicks with the radio microphone talk button. PC systems most often have three settings: Low intensity: Three clicks within seven seconds Medium intensity: Five clicks within seven seconds High intensity: Seven clicks within seven seconds When the lighting system is activated, a 15-minute countdown starts, after which the sights turn off. While the lights are still active, whenever a lighting command is issued, whether it changes the lighting intensity or not, the 15-minute countdown is reset. At some airfields, special lights may blink for ten seconds to warn pilots before the lights shut off. When using PC, it is very highly recommended that aircraft on final approach to the airfield issue a fresh lighting command even if the lights are already on (especially if the lights were activated by another aircraft). This is so that the lighting does not go off by surprise at a critical moment (such as when crossing he runway threshold). The Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASS) is a system of lights on the side of an airport runway that provides visual descent guidance information during the approach to a runway. These lights may be visible from up to eight kilometers (five miles) during the day and up to 32 kilometers (20 miles) or more at night. Contents [hide] 1 Types 1. 1 Standard VASS 1. 2 API (Precision Approach Path Indicator) 1. 3 PASS’ (Pulsating Visual Approach Slope Indicator) 1. 4 Trio-colored VASS 2 Mnemonics 3 Reference 4 See also 5 External links [edit] Types Standard Visual Approach Slope Indicator Basic visual approach slope indicators consist of two sets of lights. One set marks the start of the runway, while the other is set up some seven meters (twenty feet) along the runway. Each set of lights is designed so that the lights appear as either white or red, depending on the angle at which the lights are viewed. When the pilot is approaching the lights at the proper angle, meaning he is on the glide slope, the first set of lights appears white and the second set appears red. When both sets appear white, he is flying too high, and when both appear red he is flying too low. This is the cost common type of visual approach slope indicator system. [edit] API (Precision Approach Path Indicator) Main article: Precision Approach Path Indicator Precision Approach Path Indicator consist of four sets of lights in a line perpendicular to the runway, usually mounted to the left side of the runway. These have a similar purpose to basic visual approach slope indicators, but the additional lights serve to show the pilot how far off the glide slope the aircraft is. When the lights show White- White-Red-Red the aircraft is on the correct glide slope for landing, usually 3. 00. Three red lights (White-Red-Red-Red) indicate that the aircraft is slightly below glide slope (2. 80), while four red lights (Red-Red-Red-Red) indicate that the aircraft is significantly below glide slope (3. 50). Most large airports utilize this system. Although most airports use a API based on a 3. 00 glide slope, some airports may use a glide slope as great as 4. 50 in order to have proper obstruction clearance. Edit] PASS’ (Pulsating Visual Approach Slope Indicator) This is a single light next to the runway. The signal format is solid white when established on the proper descent profile, and solid red when below the proper scent profile. An actively pulsing red or white light when well above or well below allows the pilot to determine his position in the signal format and what corrective action is needed to return to the proper descent profile. [edit] Trio-color ed VASS This is a single light that appears amber above the glide slope, green on the glide slope and red below it. It is rarely used, partly because pilots who are unfamiliar with them have been known to misinterpret the lights, causing them to ‘correct’ in the wrong direction. [edit] Mnemonics Older Visual Approach Slope Indicator Pilots often use mnemonics to help them remember basic information. In English, the following are common: Red over white, you’re all right. White over white, you’re out of sight. Alternative: White over white, you’ll fly all night. Alternative: White over white, you’re high as a kite. Alternative: White over white, you remain in flight. Red over red, you’re dead. Alternative: Red over red, watch your head. Also Red red you’re dead Red and white you’re alright White and white you’re as high as a kite Runway End Identifier Lights (REEL) are installed at many airports to provide rapid and positive identification of the approach end of a particular runway. The system consists of a pair of synchronized flashing lights located laterally on each side of the runway threshold. Reels may be either unidirectional or unidirectional facing the approach area. They are effective for: Identification of a runway surrounded by a preponderance of other lighting. Identification of a runway which lacks contrast with surrounding terrain. Identification of a runway during reduced visibility. An approach lighting system, or ALLS, is a lighting system installed on the approach end of an airport runway and consists of a series of lighters, strobe lights, or a ambition of the two that extends outward from the runway end. ALLS usually serves a runway that has an instrument approach procedure (PAP) associated with it and allows the pilot to visually identify the runway environment once he or she has arrived at a prescribed point on an approach. The runway lighting is controlled by the air traffic control tower. At uncontrolled airports, Pilot Controlled Lighting may be installed which can be switched on by the pilot via radio. In both cases, the brightness of the lights can be adjusted for day and night operations. A key ingredient of all Approach Lighting Systems in the US is the Decision Bar. The Decision Bar is always located 1000†² from the threshold, and it serves as a visible horizon to ease the transition from instrument flight to visual flight. It also is situated such that at Decision Altitude, the Decision Bar is Just appearing to pass under the cowling of the plane. Approach Light Systems are designed such that they allow the pilot to quickly and positively identify visibility distances in Instrument meteorological conditions. For example, if the aircraft is at the Middle Marker, and the Middle Marker is located 3600†² from the threshold, the Decision Bar is 2600†² ahead. If the reoccurred calls for at least 1/2 statute mile flight visibility (roughly 2600†²), spotting the Decision Bar at the marker would indicate enough flight visibility to continue the procedure. In addition, the shorter bars before and after the Decision Bar are spaced either 100†² or 200†² apart depending on the ALLS type. The number of short bars the pilot can see can be used to determine flight visibility. Approaches with lower minimums use the more precision 100†² spacing systems for more accurate identification of visibility. Several ALLS configurations are recognized by the International Civil Aviation Organization (CIAO); however, non-standard ALLS How to cite Airfield lighting, Papers

Oedipus Is A Unlucky King Of Thebes, The Main Character Of An Ancient

Oedipus is a unlucky king of Thebes, the main character of an ancient tale which is literarily important through the times. His parents are Laios and Iokaste. Laios found out of an oracle that he were to be killed by his own son, and to prevent this he stabbed the boy's feet and then tied them together with an osier and ordered a servant to kill him. The servant brought the child with him to the forest but could not make himself to harm the little one, but left him by a tree. Soon the child was found by a couple of farmers who were in the service of the king of Korinth, who took care of him and raised him as his own son with the name Oedipus, Club-foot; the foot on the child had become swollen because of the osier. The boy grew up to be the best in all sports, which made all the youths in the same age as him jealous. One of these reminded Oedipus that he was an orphan and not a king's son at all. His foster-mother ensured him this was just talk, but Oedipus did not settle with her answer but went to the oracle in Delphi in hope to get a better answer about his origin. He did not; but he found out he were to kill his father and marry his mother if he returned home, and appaled Oedipus decided to never return to the court in Korinth, which were the only home he knew about. On the winding road down from Delphi it happened, though, that he at a crossroads met a carriage in which a noble stranger came riding, followed by an armoured servant. The stranger ordered Oedipus in a rude manner that he should go out of the way, but he answered in the same tone, and the argument ended when Oedipus killed his antagonist and even his servant. He continued his travel and in the end he arrived to Thebes where he found out strange things. The king of Thebes had been beated to death in an unknown matter during a trip, and the area was haunted by a dreadful sphinx, which the goddess Hera had sent there; it asked mysterious questions to people, and those who could not answer its riddles were eaten by it. The Thebans had gone to the oracle in Delphi and found out that the only way to stop it were to answer its riddles correctly, and as soon as this was done the beast's power would be broken. The one who could do this were promised Thebes' throne and marriage with the widow -queen Iokaste. Oedipus decided to try and walked fearless up to the sphinx and heard the riddle: 'What is it that walks on four legs in the morning, two legs at noon, and three legs in the evening?' Oedipus answered: 'Why, a man, of course. He crawls on hands and knees as a baby, walk on two legs as an adult, and supports himself on a stick in the evening of his days.' There are different ends to this story, either the sphinx ran its head hard against a mountainside and died, or it flung itself from a cliff and down in the sea. Oedipus now became king of Thebes and married Iokaste. They got two sons and two daughters, and everything was peaceful and they were happy for a few years. There after a sudden and hard plague broke out in Thebes, and when they asked the oracle, again, about what they should do to stop the plague, they got the answer that the disease would stay as long as king Laios' murderer stayed in the country. The circumstances around the former king's death had not been investigated, and Oedipus who were a good and fair ruler soon started a scrupulous investigation. How he finds out the terrible truth is the content of Sofokles' big drama "Oedipus", one of the few ancient pieces which itself really can touch a modern audience without preconceived thoughts concerning the history of literature. It ends with Iokaste taking her own life and Oedipus picks out his eyes and leaves the country after it was clear the stranger who were killed on the way were

malaysian roads are very dangerous Essays

malaysian roads are very dangerous Essays malaysian roads are very dangerous Essay malaysian roads are very dangerous Essay Malaysian roads are very dangerous. Discuss. Introduction Nowadays, road is one of the popular mode of transportation in Malaysia. Do you believe that over than a million of Malaysians are the road users in a day? They have their own personal reasons and destinations. In fact, 3,674,484 of private and public vehicles were moving on the roads in a day in 1987. On the other hand, In 2003 there were 12,021 ,939 vehicles on the roads. This shows the number of vehicles keep increasing yearly. I am sure, you can imagine the scenario on Malaysian roads with such number of vehicles which are moving on the road everyday? All of us know that, there are more and more accidents occur on our roads everyday. In addition, many of these accidents lead to death. In fact, thousands of Malaysian die every year due to road accidents. (Refer Appendix 1) Based on the statistics prepared by Police Department, the number of road accident increase tremendously during festive season. For instance, on the first day of Hari Raya Puasa in 1999, it was reported 572 cases of road accident while 568 cases during Chinese New Year. Surprisingly, on the 1 5th day of Hari Raya Puasa the total of road accidents went up to 9416 cases. In contrast, the total of 8259 cases of road accidents was reported on the 1 5th day of Chinese New Year in 1999. (Refer Appendix II) Overall, the fatalities during Hari Raya Puasa in 1999 was 203 and 206 during Chinese New Year. (Refer Appendix Ill) Moreover, during festive season the roads are congested with Malaysian who are going back to their hometown to celebrate their festival with family. In short, more and more Malaysians die every year due to the road accidents. The question is, who should be blamed for the increasing number of the road accident? What are the causes that contribute to road accident on Malaysian roads. What can we do to prevent the road accident? After doing some research and reading, I can simplify that there are some causes that contribute to the road accident. They are road, weather and vehicle condition, surrounding, drivers attitude and weaknesses in implementation of law in Malaysia. Road condition Based on research finding and record of accident cases, the number of road accident keeps increasing yearly. Actually, road in Malaysia is not really safe to be used. This is because most of the roads are not straight. Moreover, there are narrow and sharp This kind to road conditions may lead to road accident. Recently, there was an accident at kilometre 39, Jalan Johor Bahru, Ayer Hitam. The collision was between a factory bus and lorry at the narrow and sharp bend. Consequently, 5 Indonesian workers died, 7 paralysed and 26 seriously injured. All of them were the passengers of the factory bus. Chief Inspector, Zainal Abidin announced that, the victims died after getting a serious injuries especially on their heads. It has become worse when the heavy vehicle is going through the narrow road. Not nly inviting danger, but the surface of the roads is also damage. Therefore, the hole and destruction on the surface of the road will cause the traffic congestion as the drives have to slow down their vehicles. Thus, accidents frequently occur in congested traffic. Weather condition In addition, weather condition contributes to the road accident. It is dangerous to drive in raining cats and dogs, hot day and haze. In fact, speeding during this kind of weather condition may cause the driver to lose control on steering, tyre and brake. Driving during haze will blur the visibility of the driver. Consequently, the driver who drives in this kind of weather condition is easily involved in an accident. Furthermore, high quantity and low quantity of light exposure leads to accident. This is because the drivers could not fully concentrate on their driving. Vehicle condition We can say that vehicle is related to the driver itself. This is because the vehicle that unable to function properly will cause mishap. The driver should inspect the condition of lamp, signal light and tyre regularly. So that, the vehicle will able to run smoothly on the road. In most cases, signal light that is not function or if the driver orget to show signal before make turn cause the accident take place. Surrounding Other than that, the slopes of roads traversing the mountainous regions and forests in our country. The road lamps are placed at specific places only. Moreover, at certain places, the road lamps are not enough or unable to function properly. Therefore, the road signs could not be seen clearly especially at night. The percentage of road accident is higher at night than daytime. Drivers attitude Not only the road, weather and vehicle condition and surrounding are the causes of oad accidents, the drivers attitude is also one of the cause of road accident. In 2003, traffic congestion with this number of vehicles on the road. The drivers have to move their vehicles inched forward, bit by bit on the long rows. The drivers might lose control or become impatient in this situation. The impatient drivers might press their horns or cursing at other road users. It has becomes worse if the impatient drivers might put themselves and other road users in danger. Actually, drivers are the major factor of road accident in Malaysia. If the drivers are andling their vehicles under control of their emotion like tired, stress, anger, worry or even sleepy, they tend to involve in accident. Thus, they are unable to give full attention and concentration on the road. They might lose control of their vehicles as danger comes anytime without warning. According to the statistic endorsed by Police Department, the main factor of road accident is careless of the driver. It was reported by DSP Samsudin Mat, Chief Officer of traffic team, PDRM Selangor. 85% of the total of road accident is caused by road accident is caused by driver while 15% is caused by the other factors like road ondition, surrounding and vehicles that are not road-worthy. Fokus Minda Ogos 2004, page 78. Furthermore, most of the drivers are selfish, ego, careless and are unable to control themselves in any unpredictable circumstances. In addition to that, Malaysians love speeding. They ten d to race in order to reach their destination first. In fact, speeding brings harmful. What else can disturb the feeling of the family members of the road accident victims if their beloved are seriously injured, disable or even die? As reported by mass media on 18th September 2004, En. Redza Abdul Razak, officer in Transportation Department was Jostled by a trailer that passed by while he was on duty. The accident occurred at kilometre 14, Jalan Rawang, Kuala Lumpur. This incident showed that the driver was very selfish and did not care about others safety. Moreover, overtaking others vehicle is very dangerous without good knowledge on how to overtake in a safe way. The driver should know the right moment and the correct technique to overtake. Otherwise, collision might happen. In addition to that, the driver especially the teenagers prefer to disobey law. They ften ignore the traffic light. They will not stop when the red light appear. They Just go ahead without thinking the consequences of their action. Sometimes we can feel that the teenagers are purposely wanted to show off when their motorbike roared past. This kind of attitude will lead to the road accident. Furthermore, lack of toleration among the road users lead to the road accident. If all safety, accident or collision might occur. In this case nobody will get benefit. If nobody die or injure in the collision, both parties have to spend their money to repair their vehicles. We should avoid this kind of attitude. Toleration is important in order to guarantee our own safety and other road users. Thus, we should be careful and practice toleration on the road. Dato Abd. Rashid Yusof, General Manager of Public Work Department, Selangor mentioned that, l am never oppose that road condition contributes to road accident. But Human factor outweigh the other factors. The driver should get ready to avoid any accident and be prepared for any possibility that might take place on the road. (Fokus Minda, edisi Ogos page 79) Weakness in implementation of the law Another factor that lead to the accident is weakness in implementation of the laws in Malaysia. Therefore, The Police Department and Transportation Department should stricter and seriously implement the law to prevent the road accident. For example the fines to the those who are caught speeding now is not really heavy. That means the road users do not really score with the fine or law that we have today. Suggestion Now the question is, can we prevent the road accident? There can be no doubt that it is possible. Yes, I believe that we can cut down the number of accidents by having a stricter laws. Firstly, the driving tests must be made more difficult. The tests we have now are easy to pass. That means many of our drivers are not really skilled at handling their vehicles. In addition to that, I suggest that drivers should be made compulsory to sit for additional test every two years. This is to make sure that they have not forgotten their driving skills. 1 It is my view that, many of the vehicles on the roads nowadays are not road-worthy. Some of them do not have signal lights, others do not have good brakes and tyres. Such vehicles are responsible for many of accidents. Now, I am sure that you will gree with me that we should have strict laws so that only vehicles in good condition are allowed on the roads. This means that the government should inspect all vehicles every year. Another important cause of accidents is speeding. As we know, Malaysians love driving fast, and with so many excellent highways, the problem has become worse. We have to stop speeding by imposing speed limits on all our roads. Some drivers might disagree, but strict laws, I feel, is the only way to cut down on the number of accidents. Those caught speeding should be made to pay heavy fines too. And if they their licences. Another important point is that the Public Work Department have to make sure the roads are always in good condition. They need to provide a safe and efficient road system. At the same time, the road users should report immediately if they find that the road surface is damage. So that, the damaged road can be repaired as soon as possible. Nevertheless, the gov ernment should expand the narrow road and identify the hazardous location to prevent the accident. In addition to that, the government should educate the driver or motorist through campaign. The driver must be careful and selflessness on the road. Even though, there are many sign boards and speed limit signs are placed on the road, if the road users disobey them what can the police say? Thus, the driver should play their part too in order to prevent the road accident. For a long distance driving, the driver to should plan in advance so that he can reach this destination on time in secure. I am happy to hear that our Minister of Transportation announced the formation of Road Safety Committee Oawatan Kuasa Keselamatan Jalan Raya). I personally think that, this is a wise decision and right time in order to provide a safe and efficient road ystem in Malaysia. Conclusion In a nutshell, all the causes of road accidents are interrelated. All the above mentioned causes are responsible to make Malaysian roads are very dangerous places. Thus, it is responsibility of Malaysians to make them safe place. We have to cooperate each other and play our own role to prevent and simultaneously decrease the number of road accident in Malaysia. I hope that one day our perception on Malaysian roads will change. It is possible to make our roads a safe place so that the driver could drive smoothly and peacefully on the road.

Understanding IQâ€Intelligence Quotient Scores

Understanding IQ- Intelligence Quotient Scores The measurement of intelligence is a contentious topic, and one that often sparks debate among educators and psychologists. Is intelligence even measurable, they ask? And if so, is its measurement important when it comes to predicting success and failure? Some who study the relevance of intelligence claim that there are many types of intelligence, and maintain that one type is not necessarily better than another. Students who have a high degree of spatial intelligence and a lower degree of verbal intelligence, for instance, can be just as successful as anybody else. The differences have more to do with determination and confidence than one single intelligence factor. But decades ago, leading educational psychologists came to accept the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) as the most acceptable single measuring stick for determining cognitive competence. So what is the IQ, anyway? The IQ is a number that ranges from 0 to 200 (plus), and it is a ratio that is derived by comparing mental age to chronological age. Actually, the intelligence quotient is defined as 100 times the Mental Age (MA) divided by the Chronological Age (CA). IQ 100 MA/CAFrom Geocities.com One of the most notable proponents of the IQ is Linda S. Gottfredson, a scientist and educator who published a highly-regarded article in Scientific American. Gottfredson asserted that Intelligence as measured by IQ tests is the single most effective predictor known of individual performance at school and on the job. Another leading figure in the study of intelligence, Dr. Arthur Jensen, Professor Emeritus of educational psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, has created a chart that spells out the practical implications of various IQ scores. For instance, Jensen stated that people with scores from: 89-100 would be employable as store clerks111-120 have the ability to become policemen and teachers121-125 should have the ability to excel as professors and managers125 and higher demonstrate skills necessary for eminent professors, executives, editors. What Is a High IQ? The average IQ is 100, so anything over 100 is higher than average. However, most models suggest that a genius IQ starts around 140. Opinions about what constitutes a high IQ actually vary from one professional to another. Where Is IQ Measured? IQ tests come in many forms and come with varied results. If you are interested in coming up with your own IQ score, you can choose from a number of free tests that are available online, or you can schedule a test with a professional educational psychologist. Sources and Suggested Reading Gottfredson, Linda S., â€Å"The General Intelligence Factor.† Scientific American November 1998. 27 June 2008.Jensen, Arthur. Straight Talk About Mental Tests. New York: The Free Press, A Division of the Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1981.

Strategies and Actions of African American Women to Overcome Essay

Strategies and Actions of African American Women to Overcome Race-Based or Gender-Based Discrimination - Essay Example It is this reinvigorated movement that opened to women the blue-collar jobs and professions that were traditionally reserved for their male counterparts. When it comes to the fight against race-based inequality, it is plausible that women formed a crucial segment of the Civil Rights Movement, with their contribution seen in their volunteering to organizational and grassroots leaders. Indeed, the women created, mobilized, energized, and spearheaded particular efforts in the movements, ostensibly serving as bridge builders to the rest of the society (Epstein 4-6). Women movements worked tirelessly behind the scenes to bring about the changes that everyone in the movement sought by taking the advantage of the white elite’s ignorance towards women power. Furthermore, women movements successfully framed oppression and discrimination as a political issue, thereby initiating public discussions on issues that were previously perceived as private, and hence beyond public scrutiny. It is evident that the modern expression of black power stemmed from two distinct, yet superimposed traditions that shaped black political activism before and after the Second World War. For instance, the New Negro radicalism during the 1920s and the subsequent freedom protests that preceded the Great Depression, and the Second World War era precipitated an enlarged vision of citizenship, democracy, and civil rights. While the legislative and legal victories of the civil rights era performed a fundamental role in these struggles. It is the black power that proved decisive in the inauguration of the first generation of black elected representatives (Ellis 46-63). It is also the black power that made the greatest contribution to the production of an eclectic array of multi-themed and multi-ethnic movements of social change.

Video assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Video assignment - Essay Example From the film, the United States is brought out as one of the most individualistic society in the world. They tend to put more emphasis on individual achievement, equal rights, informal communication as well as little dependence on authority. The US employees are seen consulting with each other frequently and sharing information openly. They are also extremely comfortable interacting with people they don’t even know, and they aren’t shy doing so. On the other hand, the Japanese managers are more of collectivists. They seem to value harmony and loyalty to both the group and company. The movie successfully brought to light the clash between individualist and collectivist cultures in the most beautiful way. For instance, the Japanese workers performed their duties without complaint and a lower salary and higher production rate consistently. On the other hand, the American auto workers depicted less loyalty to the company compared to the Japanese employees. This is evident when Stevenson (role played by Keaton) tried to convince his American workforce to meet the 15000 production quota. Rather than make concessions to accomplish the company goals like their Japanese counterparts had, the US plant employees immediately started talking themselves out of achieving the goal and further looking for ways to lower the quota. In the beginning, Stevenson thinks that he can get them to push the quota nevertheless. However, he discovered that in the absence of the same level of loyalty, the American workers weren’t as motivated and driven to make the set goal a realit y. Quick advancement and reward appear to be the norm in America and is usually based on merit. On the other hand, Japanese culture values dedication and long service are always rewarded. The expectation of rapid reward by the Americans is depicted in the movie when the plant employees ask if they will receive a reward even if they don’t meet the production quota. This means that they

Good and Evil Angel

Good and Evil Angel The play begins with the Chorus informing the audience about the main character, Faustus, a scholar, like Icarus, [whose] waxen wings did mount above his reach (Prologue, 21). In the very first scene of the play, Faustus talks about philosophy, medicine, law, and theology and is hesitant about all. Lastly he chooses to study magic. He rejects theology. He is glutted more with conceit (Scene I, 18) and he prefers black magic to what he preferred before; he asserts: . . . Divinity, adieu! (Scene I, 48), that is, he rejects to be in heaven and reunite with God. The Good and the Evil Angel that appear in several parts of the play are both real and symbolic; they represent Faustus inner conflict. They appear in the most dramatic scenes where Faustus is in conflict. They appear offering advice as Faustus is preparing to sign in blood a contract so as to give his soul to Lucifer. They also appear at the time Faustus is talking to Mephistopheles about repenting. Here, while Good Angel urges Faustus to repent and wish Gods mercy, Evil Angel tells him not to repent. Finally he agrees with Evil Angel. GOOD ANGEL. O Faustus, lay that damned book aside, And gaze not on it, lest it tempt thy soul, And heap Gods heavy wrath upon thy head: Read, read the Scriptures; that is blasphemy. EVIL ANGEL. Go forward, Faustus, in that famous art, Wherein all natures treasury is contained: Be thou on earth as Jove is in the sky, Lord and commander of these elements. [Exeunt] (Scene I, 70-77) GOOD ANGEL. Sweet Faustus, leave that execrable art. FAUSTUS. Contrition, prayer, repentance: what of them? GOOD ANGEL. O they are means to bring thee unto heaven. EVIL ANGEL. Rather illusions, fruits of lunacy, That makes men foolish that do trust them most. (Scene V, 15-19) The angels do appear at the same time in the play; and they leave together as well. Interestingly enough, it is always the Good Angel that appears first and it is Evil Angel that speaks the last words. If we think of the angels symbolically, the Good Angels appearing first probably refers to Faustus conscience and Evil Angels last words may symbolize Faustus self-temptation. Valdes and Cornelius magicians will teach Faustus black arts. As Faustus is about to sign in blood a contract so as to give his soul to Lucifer, the Good and Evil Angels enter again. As Faustus signs the contract he asks about hell, however convince himself that hells a fable (Scene V, 126) despite Mephistopheles honest response: FAUSTUS. Was not that Lucifer an angel once? MEPHIST. Yes Faustus, and most dearly loved of God. FAUSTUS. How comes it then that he is prince of devils? MEPHIST. O, by aspiring pride and insolence, For which God threw him from the face of heaven. FAUSTUS. And what are you that live with Lucifer? MEPHIST. Unhappy spirits that fell with Lucifer, Conspired against our God with Lucifer, And are for ever damned with Lucifer. FAUSTUS. Where are you damned? MEPHIST. In hell. FAUSTUS. How comes it then that thou art out of hell? MEPHIST. Why this is hell, nor am I out of it. Thinkst thou that I, who saw the face of God, And tasted the eternal joys of heaven, Am not tormented with ten thousand hells In being deprived of everlasting bliss! O Faustus, leave these frivolous demands, Which strike a terror to my fainting soul. (Scene IV, 64-82) There is the question of choice in the play. Faustus has chosen to sign the contract. He is completely free in his choice since Mephistopheles is quite honest in his attitude. Faustus fault here is to ignore repentance as an alternative. He also misunderstands the concept of hell, thinking that it is just physical torment. Faustus is unaware about the fact that hell is a kind of psychological torment which is in fact a part of his tragedy. In the fifth scene, Faustus asks Mephistopheles who made the world (Scene V, 237). Mephistopheles avoids answering Faustus question and introduces seven deadly sins: Pride, Covetousness, Envy, Wrath, Gluttony, Sloth, and Lechery (Scene V, 276). In changing the spectacle to the Seven Deadly Sins, Marlowe has not only opened the way for some moral satire, but he has purposely and ironically presented the pageant as the visible gratification of Faustus. Faustus himself responds with the greatest delight, blasphemously comparing his joy in the procession with Adams joy at the sight of Paradise on the day of his creation. Delight in the Seven Deadly Sins is a far cry from the answer to who made the world, and it is not without point that, after this episode, Faustus makes no more speculative inquiries of any kind. (Cole 1962, 214) As Fermor asserts, the character of Faustus is not that of one man, but of man himself, of Everyman (Fermor 84). In Everyman the tragic flaw pride, wilfulness causes blindness to the nature and destiny of man; . . . hubris destroys the understanding of the nature and limitations of knowledge (Cole 1962, 234). Faustus actions are completely humane. As Cole has suggested, Faustus never causes anyones death (Cole 1995, 124); he causes his own damnation. Dr. Faustus suggests that because human beings are creatures in whom good and evil are tragically intermingled, the process of purification which the magicians described is impossible. The human aspiration to attain a godlike status and to exert benevolent control over history is almost inevitably corrupted by selfish desires for wealth, sensual indulgence, and political power. The refusal to admit this is Faustus fatal error, as is perfectly clear when he reads from Jeromes Bible: If we say that we haue no sinne, / We deceiue our selues (69-70). (Mebane 135) The theme of appearance versus reality is an important one throughout the play. Faustus confuses appearance and reality and wants to go beyond what he sees. By Aristotelian definition, a tragedy is about a hero whose fatal flaw ends himself. Doctor Faustus is a typical Aristotelian tragedy where a man of high importance a scholar out of pride, sells his soul to Devil. The tragic downfall of the hero is when he signs the contract with the devil. There is also catharsis in the Aristotelian sense; the audiences feel pity and fear; pity for Faustus suffering his tragedy, then fear of themselves putting themselves in Faustus place. Faustus can repent before the end of the play but he prefers not to; he misleads himself: FAUSTUS: My hearts so hardned I cannot repent! Scarce can I name salvation, faith, or heaven, But fearful echoes thunders in mine ears, Faustus, thou are damned (Scene V, 192-95) And long ere this I should have slain my self, Had not sweet pleasure conquered deep despair. Have not I made blind Homer sing to me Of Alexanders love, and Oenons death? (Scene V, 195-98). Why should I die then, or basely despair? I am resolved! Faustus shall neer repent. (Scene V, 205- 206) Doctor Faustus represents the attitudes of Renaissance England, it symbolizes the Renaissance individual who wants to go beyond his perception. Marlowe reflects the Renaissance perception of reason that gives human beings the power to discern, as well as the power to choose and finally forms the basis for moral responsibility (Cole 1995, 127). Thus Faustus himself is responsible for his own actions; it is Faustus who causes his own fall. He suffers from personal responsibility of free human choice and the inevitable consequences of his own choice. Primary Source(s) Marlowe, Christopher. Doctor Faustus Norton Anthology of English Literature sixth edition vol. 1. Ed. Abrams, M.H. New York: M.H. Norton Company: 1993. Secondary Sources Cole, Douglas. Christopher Marlowe and the Renaissance of Tragedy. Westport, CT.: 1995. _. Suffering and Evil in the Plays of Christopher Marlowe. Princeton, NJ. Princeton University Press: 1962. Fermor, U.M. Ellis. Christopher Marlowe. London, Methuen: 1927. Mebane, John S. Renaissance Magic and the Return of the Golden Age: The Occult Tradition and Marlowe, Jonson, and Shakespeare. Lincoln, NE., University of Nebraska Press: 1989.

Food Memoir Essay

During my early twenties, I developed a passion for cooking. The deeper I delved into the art of cooking quality food, the more I realized the amalgamating properties it held. Little did I know, this hobby was something my new wife Jenn and I did not share. The first indication that there might be a problem in the kitchen occurred with a simple request one evening after work: â€Å"Honey, I would like some bacon,† I said. To my astonishment, my bride declared, â€Å"I don’t know how to cook bacon, I don’t even like bacon! † I knew this woman for seven years—my high school sweetheart—and I never knew she didn’t like bacon. â€Å"Who doesn’t like bacon anyway? It’s un-American! † I said. No wife of mine would ever dislike bacon. And even if you didn’t like it, how could you not know how to cook it? Exasperated, I explained how you begin with a cold pan, as not to scorch it. I continued, showing her how not to overlap the bacon, but not to leave too much space either. The conversation continued and I took jabs where I could. She contended that she did not like bacon because of its texture; I argued it was because she did not know how to cook it right. I couldn’t really blame her though, she came by it honestly. My mother-in-law cannot cook—at all. She has a rotation of three to four meals that come from a can or a package. Hamburger Helper was commonplace growing up in that house. A simple meal such as spaghetti is a botched experiment in â€Å"homemade cooking. † Her recipe consists of un-doctored, canned sauce poured onto over-cooked, mushy noodles, that she stirs the entire time they are boiling. Sometimes, she’ll even add a couple of frozen meatballs from a bag. To our delight, most of our meals with the mother-in-law take place in a restaurant, where it’s safe. We are able to enjoy the occasion of food and family, while actually being able to stomach the food. It is the aforementioned reasons that my wife could not cook when we first got married; she simply was not taught or even exposed to the practice of cooking. She was also rather close-minded when it came to new things. After-all, Hamburger Helper only came in so many varieties. It was up to me to change all this—to teach her to cook, and open her mind to new flavors. I grew up with real home-cooked meals. My dad, now an engineer, was once the chef at a local restaurant in our hometown of Marion, Illinois. He imparted in me an appreciation for real food, and dispelled the myth in my mind, that â€Å"mom† was responsible for putting dinner on the table. Years later, dad is a still a major influence in my relationship with food, which in turn strengthens my relationship with him. For the past ten years, going to dad’s house for Sunday dinner has been tradition—first me, then my wife, and now our three children. Dad and I haven’t always seen eye-to-eye on certain things, but there is an emulsifying, unifying power that quality food possesses, that helped heal our relationship. Even before the modern days of Sunday dinner began, my dad was my inspiration to learn to cook, and I aspire to be the same for my children. One factor that enhanced my appreciation for cooking was the time I spent in my early twenties watching the Food Network. There, I watched Emeril Lagasse cook up his latest masterpiece with a â€Å"BAM! † I attempted to emulate many of his dishes, some even with success. It was in this time period that I actually began to develop some culinary skill. My mother was my faithful and willing test subject. Her only complaint was the disaster I left in my wake. I could cook, but would somehow manage to destroy the entire kitchen in the process. One of my favorite dishes I picked up in this time period was a simple bologna recipe I picked up from Emeril, which became an oft-requested Super Bowl staple. Emeril’s Favorite Brown Sugar-Crusted Baked Bologna1: An all-beef bologna, smothered in Dijon mustard and brown sugar, and slow-cooked for five hours. The resulting deliciousness is served on fresh, white bread with yellow mustard. I never would have thought bologna could become gourmet, and it was with this dish I learned it is often the simpler recipes that have the most impact. This taught me that delicious cuisine doesn’t necessarily take hours of preparation alongside fancy ingredients. Sometimes, all a simple recipe needs is a creative twist to turn it into something incredible. It took some time, but Jenn came around. The more I encouraged her to try new things, the wider her horizons became. She began to cook, and found she was actually a natural in the kitchen. And how did I finally get her to eat bacon? While she was pregnant with our first son, she would eat anything. I would come home from work to find family-size boxes of macaroni and cheese decimated. I knew this was my chance. I started sneaking bacon into dishes, and onto sandwiches—anywhere I remotely thought I could fit it in. Lo and behold, she found she actually liked it! Now that we both have a healthy appreciation of cooking, we keep a strong focus on it in our day to day lives. Despite our busy schedules, it is a priority of ours to eat together as a family whenever possible. Because of our passion for a unique blend of health and great taste in our diets, our children are always trying, and usually liking, new foods. We can already see in them an appreciation for good food, and an affinity for family meal time. What’s the number one request for just about any meal? Bacon, of course.

Women of The Color Purple Essay - 1046 Words

In the novel, The Color Purple, there are three main characters who demonstrate meaningful traits of women. Celie, the main character, is the most important of the three. She is influenced by other characters in the novel and is inspired to let herself seek their virtues. Celies two friends, Shug and Sofia, are both strong women who teach Celie how to achieve the happiness she desires. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sofia is a woman with authority in her life. Her life has been a constant struggle and can no longer endure conflict. She is strong physically and that gives her confidence in herself. The only opinion of any value to her is her own. Sofia is very upset with Celie when she tells Harpo to beat her and she reveals to Celie†¦show more content†¦People just accept how she lives because she has a strong opinion of herself and is ready to argue it with anyone at anytime. One day, during a meal, Harpo warns Squeak not to laugh because it was bad luck for a woman to laugh. Sofia laughs in his face saying, I already had my bad luck. I had enough to keep me laughing for the rest of my life.; (208). Sofia has no trouble expressing herself at the expense of others, especially men. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Shug is a woman who does whatever she wants whenever she wants. She is a free spirit but she does have values and is a major contributor in the transformation of Celie. Shug enjoys her life and tries to spread the happiness to those around her. She is aware of her own physical beauty and uses it to control men. For women like Celie, it isnt that easy. Celies father tells Albert, She ugly. She aint smart either.; (9). This is where Celie develops her low self esteem. Shug tries to make Celie realize that she is a beautiful person by getting to know her and loving her. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Shug is an admirable woman because of her ability to love others. She tells Celie, If you was my wife, Id cover you with kisses instead of licks and work hard for you too,; and later says, I love you, Miss Celie.; (118). Here Celie realizes that sheShow MoreRelatedThe Experiences of Women in The Color Purple Essay1319 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In the film The Color purple women are strongly objectified by men, their worth being ruled by beauty, talent and what they could do. They were left uneducated to keep them submissive and beaten down to be put in place. Men however did as they please with no repercussions for their actions. White men were given the right to an education and all Characters Mr. is controlling and self centered without showing any regards to how Celie is feeling. He beats and conditions her toRead MoreWomens Rights In Alice Walkers The Color Purple1249 Words   |  5 PagesThe Color Purple, by Alice Walker should not be banned because of many different learning areas throughout the book. 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Modern Dance Is Never Static Essay - 1952 Words

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